##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1105/tpc.105.035394 16199614 PMC1276019 Ivashuta, Liu, et al., 2005 "Ivashuta S, Liu J, Liu J, Lohar DP, Haridas S, Bucciarelli B, VandenBosch KA, Vance CP, Harrison MJ, Gantt JS. RNA interference identifies a calcium-dependent protein kinase involved in Medicago truncatula root development. Plant Cell. 2005 Nov;17(11):2911-21. doi: 10.1105/tpc.105.035394. Epub 2005 Sep 30. PMID: 16199614; PMCID: PMC1276019." ## PMID- 16199614 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20060526 LR - 20220408 IS - 1040-4651 (Print) IS - 1532-298X (Electronic) IS - 1040-4651 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 11 DP - 2005 Nov TI - RNA interference identifies a calcium-dependent protein kinase involved in Medicago truncatula root development. PG - 2911-21 AB - Changes in cellular or subcellular Ca2+ concentrations play essential roles in plant development and in the responses of plants to their environment. However, the mechanisms through which Ca2+ acts, the downstream signaling components, as well as the relationships among the various Ca2+-dependent processes remain largely unknown. Using an RNA interference-based screen for gene function in Medicago truncatula, we identified a gene that is involved in root development. Silencing Ca2+-dependent protein kinase1 (CDPK1), which is predicted to encode a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase, resulted in significantly reduced root hair and root cell lengths. Inactivation of CDPK1 is also associated with significant diminution of both rhizobial and mycorrhizal symbiotic colonization. Additionally, microarray analysis revealed that silencing CDPK1 alters cell wall and defense-related gene expression. We propose that M. truncatula CDPK1 is a key component of one or more signaling pathways that directly or indirectly modulates cell expansion or cell wall synthesis, possibly altering defense gene expression and symbiotic interactions. FAU - Ivashuta, Sergey AU - Ivashuta S AD - Department of Plant Biology, University of Minesota, St. Paul, Minesota 55108, USA. FAU - Liu, Jinyuan AU - Liu J FAU - Liu, Junqi AU - Liu J FAU - Lohar, Dasharath P AU - Lohar DP FAU - Haridas, Sajeet AU - Haridas S FAU - Bucciarelli, Bruna AU - Bucciarelli B FAU - VandenBosch, Kathryn A AU - VandenBosch KA FAU - Vance, Carroll P AU - Vance CP FAU - Harrison, Maria J AU - Harrison MJ FAU - Gantt, J Stephen AU - Gantt JS LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20050930 PL - England TA - Plant Cell JT - The Plant cell JID - 9208688 RN - 0 (ATCDPK1 protein, Arabidopsis) RN - 0 (Arabidopsis Proteins) RN - 0 (Calcium-Binding Proteins) RN - EC 2.7.- (Protein Kinases) RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) SB - IM MH - Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Calcium/metabolism MH - Calcium Signaling/physiology MH - Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism MH - Cell Wall/enzymology/genetics MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/physiology MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/genetics MH - Gene Silencing/physiology MH - Immunity, Innate/genetics MH - Medicago truncatula/*enzymology/genetics/*growth & development MH - Plant Diseases/genetics MH - Plant Roots/*enzymology/genetics/*growth & development MH - Protein Kinases/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism MH - RNA Interference/physiology MH - Signal Transduction/genetics MH - Symbiosis/genetics PMC - PMC1276019 EDAT- 2005/10/04 09:00 MHDA- 2006/05/27 09:00 CRDT- 2005/10/04 09:00 PHST- 2005/10/04 09:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2006/05/27 09:00 [medline] PHST- 2005/10/04 09:00 [entrez] AID - tpc.105.035394 [pii] AID - 035394 [pii] AID - 10.1105/tpc.105.035394 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Cell. 2005 Nov;17(11):2911-21. doi: 10.1105/tpc.105.035394. Epub 2005 Sep 30. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03718.x 21679315 PMC3206218 Godiard, Lepage, et al., 2011 "Godiard L, Lepage A, Moreau S, Laporte D, Verdenaud M, Timmers T, Gamas P. MtbHLH1, a bHLH transcription factor involved in Medicago truncatula nodule vascular patterning and nodule to plant metabolic exchanges. New Phytol. 2011 Jul;191(2):391-404. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03718.x. Epub 2011 Jun 17. PMID: 21679315; PMCID: PMC3206218." ## PMID- 21679315 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20130328 LR - 20220310 IS - 1469-8137 (Electronic) IS - 0028-646X (Print) IS - 0028-646X (Linking) VI - 191 IP - 2 DP - 2011 Jul TI - MtbHLH1, a bHLH transcription factor involved in Medicago truncatula nodule vascular patterning and nodule to plant metabolic exchanges. PG - 391-404 LID - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03718.x [doi] AB - This study aimed at defining the role of a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor gene from Medicago truncatula, MtbHLH1, whose expression is upregulated during the development of root nodules produced upon infection by rhizobia bacteria. We used MtbHLH1 promoter::GUS fusions and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses to finely characterize the MtbHLH1 expression pattern. We altered MtbHLH1 function by expressing a dominantly repressed construct (CRES-T approach) and looked for possible MtbHLH1 target genes by transcriptomics. We found that MtbHLH1 is expressed in nodule primordia cells derived from pericycle divisions, in nodule vascular bundles (VBs) and in uninfected cells of the nitrogen (N) fixation zone. MtbHLH1 is also expressed in root tips, lateral root primordia cells and root VBs, and induced upon auxin treatment. Altering MtbHLH1 function led to an unusual phenotype, with a modified patterning of nodule VB development and a reduced growth of aerial parts of the plant, even though the nodules were able to fix atmospheric N. Several putative MtbHLH1 regulated genes were identified, including an asparagine synthase and a LOB (lateral organ boundary) transcription factor. Our results suggest that the MtbHLH1 gene is involved in the control of nodule vasculature patterning and nutrient exchanges between nodules and roots. CI - (c) 2011 The Authors. New Phytologist (c) 2011 New Phytologist Trust. FAU - Godiard, Laurence AU - Godiard L AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, Unite Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 441/2594, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. FAU - Lepage, Agnes AU - Lepage A AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, Unite Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 441/2594, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. FAU - Moreau, Sandra AU - Moreau S AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, Unite Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 441/2594, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. FAU - Laporte, Damien AU - Laporte D AD - Jian-Qiu Wu's laboratory, Ohio State University, 612 Biosciences Building, 484 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. FAU - Verdenaud, Marion AU - Verdenaud M AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, Unite Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 441/2594, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. FAU - Timmers, Ton AU - Timmers T AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, Unite Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 441/2594, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. FAU - Gamas, Pascal AU - Gamas P AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, Unite Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 441/2594, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. LA - eng SI - GENBANK/FR697055 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20110617 PL - England TA - New Phytol JT - The New phytologist JID - 9882884 RN - 0 (Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors) RN - 0 (Indoleacetic Acids) RN - 0 (Plant Growth Regulators) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) SB - IM MH - Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism MH - Body Patterning MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects MH - Indoleacetic Acids/pharmacology MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/*metabolism/microbiology/physiology MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Nitrogen Fixation/genetics MH - Phenotype MH - Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Plant Root Nodulation MH - Plants, Genetically Modified MH - Promoter Regions, Genetic MH - Rhizobium/genetics/*physiology MH - Root Nodules, Plant/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism MH - Symbiosis/genetics PMC - PMC3206218 EDAT- 2011/06/18 06:00 MHDA- 2013/03/30 06:00 CRDT- 2011/06/18 06:00 PHST- 2011/06/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2011/06/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2013/03/30 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03718.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - New Phytol. 2011 Jul;191(2):391-404. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03718.x. Epub 2011 Jun 17. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2009.04072.x 19912567 null Pumplin, Mondo, et al., 2009 "Pumplin N, Mondo SJ, Topp S, Starker CG, Gantt JS, Harrison MJ. Medicago truncatula Vapyrin is a novel protein required for arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant J. 2010 Feb 1;61(3):482-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.04072.x. Epub 2009 Nov 14. PMID: 19912567." ## PMID- 19912567 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20100830 LR - 20100422 IS - 1365-313X (Electronic) IS - 0960-7412 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 3 DP - 2010 Feb 1 TI - Medicago truncatula Vapyrin is a novel protein required for arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. PG - 482-94 LID - 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.04072.x [doi] AB - Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is a widespread mutualism formed between vascular plants and fungi of the Glomeromycota. In this endosymbiosis, fungal hyphae enter the roots, growing through epidermal cells to the cortex where they establish differentiated hyphae called arbuscules in the cortical cells. Reprogramming of the plant epidermal and cortical cells occurs to enable intracellular growth of the fungal symbiont; however, the plant genes underlying this process are largely unknown. Here, through the use of RNAi, we demonstrate that the expression of a Medicago truncatula gene named Vapyrin is essential for arbuscule formation, and also for efficient epidermal penetration by AM fungi. Vapyrin is induced transiently in the epidermis coincident with hyphal penetration, and then in the cortex during arbuscule formation. The Vapyrin protein is cytoplasmic, and in cells containing AM fungal hyphae, the protein accumulates in small puncta that move through the cytoplasm. Vapyrin is a novel protein composed of two domains that mediate protein-protein interactions: an N-terminal VAMP-associated protein (VAP)/major sperm protein (MSP) domain and a C-terminal ankyrin-repeat domain. Putative Vapyrin orthologs exist widely in the plant kingdom, but not in Arabidopsis, or in non-plant species. The data suggest a role for Vapyrin in cellular remodeling to support the intracellular development of fungal hyphae during AM symbiosis. FAU - Pumplin, Nathan AU - Pumplin N AD - Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. FAU - Mondo, Stephen J AU - Mondo SJ FAU - Topp, Stephanie AU - Topp S FAU - Starker, Colby G AU - Starker CG FAU - Gantt, J Stephen AU - Gantt JS FAU - Harrison, Maria J AU - Harrison MJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20091114 PL - England TA - Plant J JT - The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology JID - 9207397 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (Vesicular Transport Proteins) SB - IM MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Animals MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Humans MH - Medicago truncatula/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mycorrhizae/*metabolism MH - Phylogeny MH - Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism MH - RNA Interference MH - *Symbiosis MH - Vesicular Transport Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism EDAT- 2009/11/17 06:00 MHDA- 2010/08/31 06:00 CRDT- 2009/11/17 06:00 PHST- 2009/11/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2009/11/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2010/08/31 06:00 [medline] AID - TPJ4072 [pii] AID - 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.04072.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant J. 2010 Feb 1;61(3):482-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.04072.x. Epub 2009 Nov 14. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1105/tpc.15.00476 26410301 PMC4682322 Jun, Liu, et al., 2015 "Jun JH, Liu C, Xiao X, Dixon RA. The Transcriptional Repressor MYB2 Regulates Both Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Proanthocyandin and Anthocyanin Pigmentation in Medicago truncatula. Plant Cell. 2015 Oct;27(10):2860-79. doi: 10.1105/tpc.15.00476. Epub 2015 Sep 26. PMID: 26410301; PMCID: PMC4682322." ## PMID- 26410301 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170905 LR - 20220310 IS - 1532-298X (Electronic) IS - 1040-4651 (Print) IS - 1040-4651 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 10 DP - 2015 Oct TI - The Transcriptional Repressor MYB2 Regulates Both Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Proanthocyandin and Anthocyanin Pigmentation in Medicago truncatula. PG - 2860-79 LID - 10.1105/tpc.15.00476 [doi] AB - Accumulation of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs) is limited to specific cell types and developmental stages, but little is known about how antagonistically acting transcriptional regulators work together to determine temporal and spatial patterning of pigmentation at the cellular level, especially for PAs. Here, we characterize MYB2, a transcriptional repressor regulating both anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis in the model legume Medicago truncatula. MYB2 was strongly upregulated by MYB5, a major regulator of PA biosynthesis in M. truncatula and a component of MYB-basic helix loop helix-WD40 (MBW) activator complexes. Overexpression of MYB2 abolished anthocyanin and PA accumulation in M. truncatula hairy roots and Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, respectively. Anthocyanin deposition was expanded in myb2 mutant seedlings and flowers accompanied by increased anthocyanin content. PA mainly accumulated in the epidermal layer derived from the outer integument in the M. truncatula seed coat, starting from the hilum area. The area of PA accumulation and ANTHOCYANIDIN REDUCTASE expression was expanded into the seed body at the early stage of seed development in the myb2 mutant. Genetic, biochemical, and cell biological evidence suggests that MYB2 functions as part of a multidimensional regulatory network to define the temporal and spatial pattern of anthocyanin and PA accumulation linked to developmental processes. CI - (c) 2015 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. FAU - Jun, Ji Hyung AU - Jun JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2563-4144 AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017. FAU - Liu, Chenggang AU - Liu C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0576-8567 AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017. FAU - Xiao, Xirong AU - Xiao X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1785-6417 AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017. FAU - Dixon, Richard A AU - Dixon RA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8393-9408 AD - Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017 richard.dixon@unt.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150926 PL - England TA - Plant Cell JT - The Plant cell JID - 9208688 RN - 0 (Anthocyanins) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (Proanthocyanidins) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) RN - EC 1.- (Oxidoreductases) SB - IM MH - Anthocyanins/*metabolism MH - Arabidopsis/cytology/genetics/metabolism MH - Flowers/cytology/genetics/metabolism MH - Gene Expression MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Medicago truncatula/cytology/*genetics/metabolism MH - Mutation MH - Oxidoreductases/genetics/metabolism MH - Phylogeny MH - Pigmentation MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Plant Roots/cytology/genetics/metabolism MH - Plants, Genetically Modified MH - Proanthocyanidins/*metabolism MH - Seedlings/cytology/genetics/metabolism MH - Seeds/cytology/genetics/metabolism MH - Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism PMC - PMC4682322 EDAT- 2015/09/28 06:00 MHDA- 2017/09/07 06:00 CRDT- 2015/09/28 06:00 PHST- 2015/05/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/09/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/09/28 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/09/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/09/07 06:00 [medline] AID - tpc.15.00476 [pii] AID - TPC201500476RAR2 [pii] AID - 10.1105/tpc.15.00476 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Cell. 2015 Oct;27(10):2860-79. doi: 10.1105/tpc.15.00476. Epub 2015 Sep 26. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1104/pp.111.180182 21685176 PMC3149922 Laurie, Diwadkar, et al., 2011 "Laurie RE, Diwadkar P, Jaudal M, Zhang L, Hecht V, Wen J, Tadege M, Mysore KS, Putterill J, Weller JL, Macknight RC. The Medicago FLOWERING LOCUS T homolog, MtFTa1, is a key regulator of flowering time. Plant Physiol. 2011 Aug;156(4):2207-24. doi: 10.1104/pp.111.180182. Epub 2011 Jun 17. PMID: 21685176; PMCID: PMC3149922." ## PMID- 21685176 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20111205 LR - 20211020 IS - 1532-2548 (Electronic) IS - 0032-0889 (Print) IS - 0032-0889 (Linking) VI - 156 IP - 4 DP - 2011 Aug TI - The Medicago FLOWERING LOCUS T homolog, MtFTa1, is a key regulator of flowering time. PG - 2207-24 LID - 10.1104/pp.111.180182 [doi] AB - FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) genes encode proteins that function as the mobile floral signal, florigen. In this study, we characterized five FT-like genes from the model legume, Medicago (Medicago truncatula). The different FT genes showed distinct patterns of expression and responses to environmental cues. Three of the FT genes (MtFTa1, MtFTb1, and MtFTc) were able to complement the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ft-1 mutant, suggesting that they are capable of functioning as florigen. MtFTa1 is the only one of the FT genes that is up-regulated by both long days (LDs) and vernalization, conditions that promote Medicago flowering, and transgenic Medicago plants overexpressing the MtFTa1 gene flowered very rapidly. The key role MtFTa1 plays in regulating flowering was demonstrated by the identification of fta1 mutants that flowered significantly later in all conditions examined. fta1 mutants do not respond to vernalization but are still responsive to LDs, indicating that the induction of flowering by prolonged cold acts solely through MtFTa1, whereas photoperiodic induction of flowering involves other genes, possibly MtFTb1, which is only expressed in leaves under LD conditions and therefore might contribute to the photoperiodic regulation of flowering. The role of the MtFTc gene is unclear, as the ftc mutants did not have any obvious flowering-time or other phenotypes. Overall, this work reveals the diversity of the regulation and function of the Medicago FT family. FAU - Laurie, Rebecca E AU - Laurie RE AD - Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. FAU - Diwadkar, Payal AU - Diwadkar P FAU - Jaudal, Mauren AU - Jaudal M FAU - Zhang, Lulu AU - Zhang L FAU - Hecht, Valerie AU - Hecht V FAU - Wen, Jiangqi AU - Wen J FAU - Tadege, Million AU - Tadege M FAU - Mysore, Kirankumar S AU - Mysore KS FAU - Putterill, Joanna AU - Putterill J FAU - Weller, James L AU - Weller JL FAU - Macknight, Richard C AU - Macknight RC LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20110617 PL - United States TA - Plant Physiol JT - Plant physiology JID - 0401224 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) SB - IM MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Arabidopsis/genetics MH - Cold Temperature MH - Flowers/genetics/growth & development/*physiology MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Genes, Plant/genetics MH - Genetic Complementation Test MH - Medicago/genetics/growth & development/*physiology MH - Meristem/genetics MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mutation/genetics MH - Phenotype MH - Photoperiod MH - Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism MH - Plants, Genetically Modified MH - *Sequence Homology, Amino Acid MH - Time Factors MH - Up-Regulation/genetics PMC - PMC3149922 EDAT- 2011/06/21 06:00 MHDA- 2011/12/13 00:00 CRDT- 2011/06/21 06:00 PHST- 2011/06/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2011/06/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2011/12/13 00:00 [medline] AID - pp.111.180182 [pii] AID - 180182 [pii] AID - 10.1104/pp.111.180182 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Physiol. 2011 Aug;156(4):2207-24. doi: 10.1104/pp.111.180182. Epub 2011 Jun 17. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1094/mpmi-06-10-0144 20731530 null Miyahara, Richens, et al., 2010 "Miyahara A, Richens J, Starker C, Morieri G, Smith L, Long S, Downie JA, Oldroyd GE. Conservation in function of a SCAR/WAVE component during infection thread and root hair growth in Medicago truncatula. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2010 Dec;23(12):1553-62. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-06-10-0144. PMID: 20731530." ## PMID- 20731530 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20110111 LR - 20220310 IS - 0894-0282 (Print) IS - 0894-0282 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 12 DP - 2010 Dec TI - Conservation in function of a SCAR/WAVE component during infection thread and root hair growth in Medicago truncatula. PG - 1553-62 LID - 10.1094/MPMI-06-10-0144 [doi] AB - Nitrogen-fixing symbioses of plants are often associated with bacterially infected nodules where nitrogen fixation occurs. The plant host facilitates bacterial infection with the formation of infection threads, unique structures associated with these symbioses, which are invaginations of the host cell with the capability of traversing cellular junctions. Here, we show that the infection thread shares mechanistic similarities to polar-growing cells, because the required for infection thread (RIT) locus of Medicago truncatula has roles in root-hair, trichome, and infection-thread growth. We show that RIT encodes the M. truncatula ortholog of NAP1, a component of the SCAR/WAVE (suppressor of cAMP receptor/WASP-family verprolin homologous protein) complex that regulates actin polymerization, through the activation of ARP2/3. NAP1 of Arabidopsis thaliana functions equivalently to the M. truncatula gene, indicating that the mode of action of NAP1 is functionally conserved across species and that legumes have not evolved a unique functionality for NAP1 during rhizobial colonization. This work highlights the surprising commonality between polar-growing cells and a polar-growing cellular intrusion and reveals important insights into the formation and maintenance of infection-thread development. FAU - Miyahara, Akira AU - Miyahara A AD - Department of Disease and Stress Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK. FAU - Richens, Jennifer AU - Richens J FAU - Starker, Colby AU - Starker C FAU - Morieri, Giulia AU - Morieri G FAU - Smith, Lucinda AU - Smith L FAU - Long, Sharon AU - Long S FAU - Downie, J Allan AU - Downie JA FAU - Oldroyd, Giles E D AU - Oldroyd GE LA - eng SI - GENBANK/HM590708 GR - BBS/E/J/000CA336/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Mol Plant Microbe Interact JT - Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI JID - 9107902 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) SB - IM MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/*physiology MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/*metabolism MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mutation MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - Plant Root Nodulation/*physiology MH - Plant Roots/*growth & development/physiology MH - Symbiosis EDAT- 2010/08/25 06:00 MHDA- 2011/01/12 06:00 CRDT- 2010/08/25 06:00 PHST- 2010/08/25 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2010/08/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2011/01/12 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1094/MPMI-06-10-0144 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2010 Dec;23(12):1553-62. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-06-10-0144. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02910.x 17132148 null Gargantini, Gonzalez-Rizzo, et al., 2006 "Gargantini PR, Gonzalez-Rizzo S, Chinchilla D, Raices M, Giammaria V, Ulloa RM, Frugier F, Crespi MD. A CDPK isoform participates in the regulation of nodule number in Medicago truncatula. Plant J. 2006 Dec;48(6):843-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02910.x. Epub 2006 Nov 21. PMID: 17132148." ## PMID- 17132148 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20070417 LR - 20220408 IS - 0960-7412 (Print) IS - 0960-7412 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 6 DP - 2006 Dec TI - A CDPK isoform participates in the regulation of nodule number in Medicago truncatula. PG - 843-56 AB - Medicago spp. are able to develop root nodules via symbiotic interaction with Sinorhizobium meliloti. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are involved in various signalling pathways in plants, and we found that expression of MtCPK3, a CDPK isoform present in roots of the model legume Medicago truncatula, is regulated during the nodulation process. Early inductions were detected 15 min and 3-4 days post-inoculation (dpi). The very early induction of CPK3 messengers was also present in inoculated M. truncatula dmi mutants and in wild-type roots subjected to salt stress, indicating that this rapid response is probably stress-related. In contrast, the later response was concomitant with cortical cell division and the formation of nodule primordia, and was not observed in wild-type roots inoculated with nod (-) strains. This late induction correlated with a change in the subcellular distribution of CDPK activities. Accordingly, an anti-MtCPK3 antibody detected two bands in soluble root extracts and one in the particulate fraction. CPK3::GFP fusions are targeted to the plasma membrane in epidermal onion cells, a localization that depends on myristoylation and palmitoylation sites of the protein, suggesting a dual subcellular localization. MtCPK3 mRNA and protein were also up-regulated by cytokinin treatment, a hormone linked to the regulation of cortical cell division and other nodulation-related responses. An RNAi-CDPK construction was used to silence CPK3 in Agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed roots. Although no major phenotype was detected in these roots, when infected with rhizobia, the total number of nodules was, on average, twofold higher than in controls. This correlates with the lack of MtCPK3 induction in the inoculated super-nodulator sunn mutant. Our results suggest that CPK3 participates in the regulation of the symbiotic interaction. FAU - Gargantini, Pablo R AU - Gargantini PR AD - Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Molecular, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2 piso, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Gonzalez-Rizzo, Silvina AU - Gonzalez-Rizzo S FAU - Chinchilla, Delphine AU - Chinchilla D FAU - Raices, Marcela AU - Raices M FAU - Giammaria, Veronica AU - Giammaria V FAU - Ulloa, Rita M AU - Ulloa RM FAU - Frugier, Florian AU - Frugier F FAU - Crespi, Martin D AU - Crespi MD LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20061121 PL - England TA - Plant J JT - The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology JID - 9207397 RN - 0 (Cytokinins) RN - 0 (Isoenzymes) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (RNA, Plant) RN - 147336-22-9 (Green Fluorescent Proteins) RN - EC 2.7.11.17 (Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases) SB - IM MH - Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism MH - Cytokinins/pharmacology MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Genes, Plant MH - Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics MH - Isoenzymes/genetics/metabolism MH - Medicago sativa/enzymology MH - Medicago truncatula/*enzymology/genetics/microbiology MH - Onions/cytology MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - Plant Roots/*enzymology/microbiology MH - RNA Interference MH - RNA, Messenger MH - RNA, Plant MH - Rhizobium/enzymology MH - Sinorhizobium meliloti/physiology MH - Symbiosis/*physiology MH - Up-Regulation EDAT- 2006/11/30 09:00 MHDA- 2007/04/18 09:00 CRDT- 2006/11/30 09:00 PHST- 2006/11/30 09:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2007/04/18 09:00 [medline] PHST- 2006/11/30 09:00 [entrez] AID - TPJ2910 [pii] AID - 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02910.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant J. 2006 Dec;48(6):843-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02910.x. Epub 2006 Nov 21. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1105/tpc.019406 15037734 PMC412876 Campalans, Kondorosi, et al., 2017 "Campalans A, Kondorosi A, Crespi M. Enod40, a short open reading frame-containing mRNA, induces cytoplasmic localization of a nuclear RNA binding protein in Medicago truncatula. Plant Cell. 2004 Apr;16(4):1047-59. doi: 10.1105/tpc.019406. Epub 2004 Mar 22. Erratum in: Plant Cell. 2017 Apr;29(4):912. PMID: 15037734; PMCID: PMC412876." ## PMID- 15037734 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20040625 LR - 20181113 IS - 1040-4651 (Print) IS - 1532-298X (Electronic) IS - 1040-4651 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 4 DP - 2004 Apr TI - Enod40, a short open reading frame-containing mRNA, induces cytoplasmic localization of a nuclear RNA binding protein in Medicago truncatula. PG - 1047-59 AB - In eukaryotes, diverse mRNAs containing only short open reading frames (sORF-mRNAs) are induced at specific stages of development. Their mechanisms of action may involve the RNA itself and/or sORF-encoded oligopeptides. Enod40 genes code for highly structured plant sORF-mRNAs involved in root nodule organogenesis. A novel RNA binding protein interacting with the enod40 RNA, MtRBP1 (for Medicago truncatula RNA Binding Protein 1), was identified using a yeast three-hybrid screening. Immunolocalization studies and use of a MtRBP1-DsRed2 fluorescent protein fusion showed that MtRBP1 localized to nuclear speckles in plant cells but was exported into the cytoplasm during nodule development in enod40-expressing cells. Direct involvement of the enod40 RNA in MtRBP1 relocalization into cytoplasmic granules was shown using a transient expression assay. Using a (green fluorescent protein)/MS2 bacteriophage system to tag the enod40 RNA, we detected in vivo colocalization of the enod40 RNA and MtRBP1 in these granules. This in vivo approach to monitor RNA-protein interactions allowed us to demonstrate that cytoplasmic relocalization of nuclear proteins is an RNA-mediated cellular function of a sORF-mRNA. FAU - Campalans, Anna AU - Campalans A AD - Institut des Sciences du Vegetal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Kondorosi, Adam AU - Kondorosi A FAU - Crespi, Martin AU - Crespi M LA - eng SI - GENBANK/AJ508392 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20040322 PL - England TA - Plant Cell JT - The Plant cell JID - 9208688 RN - 0 (DNA, Plant) RN - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins) RN - 0 (ENOD40 RNA) RN - 0 (Nuclear Proteins) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (RNA, Long Noncoding) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (RNA, Plant) RN - 0 (RNA, Untranslated) RN - 0 (Recombinant Fusion Proteins) SB - IM EIN - Plant Cell. 2017 Apr;29(4):912. PMID: 28351988 MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Base Sequence MH - Cytoplasm/metabolism MH - DNA, Plant/genetics MH - DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Gene Expression MH - Medicago/*genetics/*metabolism MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Onions/genetics/metabolism MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Plants, Genetically Modified MH - RNA, Long Noncoding MH - RNA, Messenger/*genetics MH - RNA, Plant/*genetics MH - RNA, Untranslated/*genetics MH - Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid MH - Two-Hybrid System Techniques PMC - PMC412876 EDAT- 2004/03/24 05:00 MHDA- 2004/06/26 05:00 CRDT- 2004/03/24 05:00 PHST- 2004/03/24 05:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2004/06/26 05:00 [medline] PHST- 2004/03/24 05:00 [entrez] AID - tpc.019406 [pii] AID - 019406 [pii] AID - 10.1105/tpc.019406 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Cell. 2004 Apr;16(4):1047-59. doi: 10.1105/tpc.019406. Epub 2004 Mar 22. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1073/pnas.0400595101 15070781 PMC384810 Mitra, Gleason, et al., 2004 "Mitra RM, Gleason CA, Edwards A, Hadfield J, Downie JA, Oldroyd GE, Long SR. A Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase required for symbiotic nodule development: Gene identification by transcript-based cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 30;101(13):4701-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400595101. Epub 2004 Mar 1. PMID: 15070781; PMCID: PMC384810." ## PMID- 15070781 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20040719 LR - 20181113 IS - 0027-8424 (Print) IS - 1091-6490 (Electronic) IS - 0027-8424 (Linking) VI - 101 IP - 13 DP - 2004 Mar 30 TI - A Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase required for symbiotic nodule development: Gene identification by transcript-based cloning. PG - 4701-5 AB - In the establishment of the legume-rhizobial symbiosis, bacterial lipochitooligosaccharide signaling molecules termed Nod factors activate the formation of a novel root organ, the nodule. Nod factors elicit several responses in plant root hair cells, including oscillations in cytoplasmic calcium levels (termed calcium spiking) and alterations in root hair growth. A number of plant mutants with defects in the Nod factor signaling pathway have been identified. One such Medicago truncatula mutant, dmi3, exhibits calcium spiking and root hair swelling in response to Nod factor, but fails to initiate symbiotic gene expression or cell divisions for nodule formation. On the basis of these data, it is thought that the dmi3 mutant perceives Nod factor but fails to transduce the signal downstream of calcium spiking. Additionally, the dmi3 mutant is defective in the symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi, indicating the importance of the encoded protein in multiple symbioses. We report the identification of the DMI3 gene, using a gene cloning method based on transcript abundance. We show that transcript-based cloning is a valid approach for cloning genes in barley, indicating the value of this technology in crop plants. DMI3 encodes a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Mutants in pea sym9 have phenotypes similar to dmi3 and have alterations in this gene. The DMI3 class of proteins is well conserved among plants that interact with mycorrhizal fungi, but it is less conserved in Arabidopsis thaliana, which does not participate in the mycorrhizal symbiosis. FAU - Mitra, Raka M AU - Mitra RM AD - Department of Biological Sciences, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, USA. FAU - Gleason, Cynthia A AU - Gleason CA FAU - Edwards, Anne AU - Edwards A FAU - Hadfield, James AU - Hadfield J FAU - Downie, J Allan AU - Downie JA FAU - Oldroyd, Giles E D AU - Oldroyd GE FAU - Long, Sharon R AU - Long SR LA - eng SI - GENBANK/AJ621916 SI - GENBANK/AY496049 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20040301 PL - United States TA - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A JT - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America JID - 7505876 RN - 0 (DNA Primers) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - EC 2.7.11.17 (Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases) SB - IM CIN - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 30;101(13):4339-40. PMID: 15070718 MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Base Sequence MH - Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/*genetics/*metabolism MH - Cloning, Molecular MH - Conserved Sequence MH - DNA Primers MH - Hordeum/enzymology/physiology MH - Medicago/*enzymology/*physiology MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mycorrhizae/physiology MH - Recombinant Proteins/metabolism MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Sequence Alignment MH - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid MH - Symbiosis MH - Transcription, Genetic PMC - PMC384810 EDAT- 2004/04/09 05:00 MHDA- 2004/07/20 05:00 CRDT- 2004/04/09 05:00 PHST- 2004/04/09 05:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2004/07/20 05:00 [medline] PHST- 2004/04/09 05:00 [entrez] AID - 0400595101 [pii] AID - 1014701 [pii] AID - 10.1073/pnas.0400595101 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 30;101(13):4701-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400595101. Epub 2004 Mar 1. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1104/pp.105.069054 16244141 PMC1283775 Isayenkov, Mrosk, et al., 2005 "Isayenkov S, Mrosk C, Stenzel I, Strack D, Hause B. Suppression of allene oxide cyclase in hairy roots of Medicago truncatula reduces jasmonate levels and the degree of mycorrhization with Glomus intraradices. Plant Physiol. 2005 Nov;139(3):1401-10. doi: 10.1104/pp.105.069054. Epub 2005 Oct 21. PMID: 16244141; PMCID: PMC1283775." ## PMID- 16244141 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20060209 LR - 20181113 IS - 0032-0889 (Print) IS - 1532-2548 (Electronic) IS - 0032-0889 (Linking) VI - 139 IP - 3 DP - 2005 Nov TI - Suppression of allene oxide cyclase in hairy roots of Medicago truncatula reduces jasmonate levels and the degree of mycorrhization with Glomus intraradices. PG - 1401-10 AB - During the symbiotic interaction between Medicago truncatula and the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices, an endogenous increase in jasmonic acid (JA) occurs. Two full-length cDNAs coding for the JA-biosynthetic enzyme allene oxide cyclase (AOC) from M. truncatula, designated as MtAOC1 and MtAOC2, were cloned and characterized. The AOC protein was localized in plastids and found to occur constitutively in all vascular tissues of M. truncatula. In leaves and roots, MtAOCs are expressed upon JA application. Enhanced expression was also observed during mycorrhization with G. intraradices. A partial suppression of MtAOC expression was achieved in roots following transformation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes harboring the MtAOC1 cDNA in the antisense direction under control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. In comparison to samples transformed with 35SuidA, roots with suppressed MtAOC1 expression exhibited lower JA levels and a remarkable delay in the process of colonization with G. intraradices. Both the mycorrhization rate, quantified by fungal rRNA, and the arbuscule formation, analyzed by the expression level of the AM-specific gene MtPT4, were affected. Staining of fungal material in roots with suppressed MtAOC1 revealed a decreased number of arbuscules, but these did not exhibit an altered structure. Our results indicate a crucial role for JA in the establishment of AM symbiosis. FAU - Isayenkov, Stanislav AU - Isayenkov S AD - Department of Secondary Metabolism , Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle , Germany. FAU - Mrosk, Cornelia AU - Mrosk C FAU - Stenzel, Irene AU - Stenzel I FAU - Strack, Dieter AU - Strack D FAU - Hause, Bettina AU - Hause B LA - eng SI - GENBANK/AJ308489 SI - GENBANK/AJ866733 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20051021 PL - United States TA - Plant Physiol JT - Plant physiology JID - 0401224 RN - 0 (Cyclopentanes) RN - 0 (DNA, Complementary) RN - 0 (Oxylipins) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 6RI5N05OWW (jasmonic acid) RN - EC 5.3.- (Intramolecular Oxidoreductases) RN - EC 5.3.99.6 (hydroperoxide isomerase) SB - IM MH - Cyclopentanes/*metabolism/pharmacology MH - DNA, Complementary/genetics MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental MH - Intramolecular Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism MH - Medicago truncatula/*enzymology/microbiology MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mycorrhizae/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism MH - Organ Specificity MH - Oxylipins MH - Plant Leaves/cytology/drug effects MH - Plant Roots/cytology/drug effects/*enzymology MH - Plants, Genetically Modified MH - Protein Transport MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism MH - Symbiosis MH - Transformation, Genetic PMC - PMC1283775 EDAT- 2005/10/26 09:00 MHDA- 2006/02/10 09:00 CRDT- 2005/10/26 09:00 PHST- 2005/10/26 09:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2006/02/10 09:00 [medline] PHST- 2005/10/26 09:00 [entrez] AID - pp.105.069054 [pii] AID - 069054 [pii] AID - 10.1104/pp.105.069054 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Physiol. 2005 Nov;139(3):1401-10. doi: 10.1104/pp.105.069054. Epub 2005 Oct 21. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1093/jxb/erw474 28073951 PMC6055581 Herrbach, Chirinos, et al., 2017 "Herrbach V, Chirinos X, Rengel D, Agbevenou K, Vincent R, Pateyron S, Huguet S, Balzergue S, Pasha A, Provart N, Gough C, Bensmihen S. Nod factors potentiate auxin signaling for transcriptional regulation and lateral root formation in Medicago truncatula. J Exp Bot. 2017 Jan 1;68(3):569-583. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erw474. PMID: 28073951; PMCID: PMC6055581." ## PMID- 28073951 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171117 LR - 20210109 IS - 1460-2431 (Electronic) IS - 0022-0957 (Print) IS - 0022-0957 (Linking) VI - 68 IP - 3 DP - 2017 Jan 1 TI - Nod factors potentiate auxin signaling for transcriptional regulation and lateral root formation in Medicago truncatula. PG - 569-583 LID - 10.1093/jxb/erw474 [doi] AB - Nodulation (Nod) factors (NFs) are symbiotic molecules produced by rhizobia that are essential for establishment of the rhizobium-legume endosymbiosis. Purified NFs can stimulate lateral root formation (LRF) in Medicago truncatula, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. Using a combination of reporter constructs, pharmacological and genetic approaches, we show that NFs act on early steps of LRF in M. truncatula, independently of the ethylene signaling pathway and of the cytokinin receptor MtCRE1, but in interaction with auxin. We conducted a whole-genome transcriptomic study upon NF and/or auxin treatments, using a lateral root inducible system adapted for M. truncatula. This revealed a large overlap between NF and auxin signaling and, more interestingly, synergistic interactions between these molecules. Three groups showing interaction effects were defined: group 1 contained more than 1500 genes responding specifically to the combinatorial treatment of NFs and auxin; group 2 comprised auxin-regulated genes whose expression was enhanced or antagonized by NFs; and in group 3 the expression of NF regulated genes was antagonized by auxin. Groups 1 and 2 were enriched in signaling and metabolic functions, which highlights important crosstalk between NF and auxin signaling for both developmental and symbiotic processes. CI - (c) The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. FAU - Herrbach, Violaine AU - Herrbach V AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Chirinos, Ximena AU - Chirinos X AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Rengel, David AU - Rengel D AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Agbevenou, Kokoevi AU - Agbevenou K AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Vincent, Remy AU - Vincent R AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Pateyron, Stephanie AU - Pateyron S AD - POPS (transcriptOmic Platform of IPS2) Platform, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France. AD - Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, Orsay, France. FAU - Huguet, Stephanie AU - Huguet S AD - POPS (transcriptOmic Platform of IPS2) Platform, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France. AD - Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, Orsay, France. FAU - Balzergue, Sandrine AU - Balzergue S AD - POPS (transcriptOmic Platform of IPS2) Platform, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France. AD - Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, Orsay, France. FAU - Pasha, Asher AU - Pasha A AD - Department of Cell & Systems Biology/ Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Provart, Nicholas AU - Provart N AD - Department of Cell & Systems Biology/ Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. FAU - Gough, Clare AU - Gough C AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Bensmihen, Sandra AU - Bensmihen S AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Exp Bot JT - Journal of experimental botany JID - 9882906 RN - 0 (Indoleacetic Acids) RN - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides) RN - 0 (Plant Growth Regulators) SB - IM MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Indoleacetic Acids/*metabolism MH - Lipopolysaccharides/*physiology MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/growth & development/microbiology/*physiology MH - Plant Growth Regulators/*metabolism MH - Plant Roots/genetics/growth & development/microbiology MH - Sinorhizobium meliloti/*physiology PMC - PMC6055581 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Auxin OT - NimbleGen arrays OT - Nod factors OT - ethylene OT - lateral root OT - lateral root inducible system (LRIS) OT - lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) OT - symbiosis OT - transcriptome EDAT- 2017/01/12 06:00 MHDA- 2017/11/29 06:00 CRDT- 2017/01/12 06:00 PHST- 2017/01/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/11/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/01/12 06:00 [entrez] AID - erw474 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jxb/erw474 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Exp Bot. 2017 Jan 1;68(3):569-583. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erw474. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.7554/elife.80741 36856086 PMC9991063 Lace, Su, et al., 2023 "Lace B, Su C, Invernot Perez D, Rodriguez-Franco M, Vernié T, Batzenschlager M, Egli S, Liu CW, Ott T. RPG acts as a central determinant for infectosome formation and cellular polarization during intracellular rhizobial infections. Elife. 2023 Mar 1;12:e80741. doi: 10.7554/eLife.80741. PMID: 36856086; PMCID: PMC9991063." ## PMID- 36856086 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230309 LR - 20230321 IS - 2050-084X (Electronic) IS - 2050-084X (Linking) VI - 12 DP - 2023 Mar 1 TI - RPG acts as a central determinant for infectosome formation and cellular polarization during intracellular rhizobial infections. LID - 10.7554/eLife.80741 [doi] LID - e80741 AB - Host-controlled intracellular accommodation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is essential for the establishment of a functional Root Nodule Symbiosis (RNS). In many host plants, this occurs via transcellular tubular structures (infection threads - ITs) that extend across cell layers via polar tip-growth. Comparative phylogenomic studies have identified RPG (RHIZOBIUM-DIRECTED POLAR GROWTH) among the critical genetic determinants for bacterial infection. In Medicago truncatula, RPG is required for effective IT progression within root hairs but the cellular and molecular function of the encoded protein remains elusive. Here, we show that RPG resides in the protein complex formed by the core endosymbiotic components VAPYRIN (VPY) and LUMPY INFECTION (LIN) required for IT polar growth, co-localizes with both VPY and LIN in IT tip- and perinuclear-associated puncta of M. truncatula root hairs undergoing infection and is necessary for VPY recruitment into these structures. Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) of phosphoinositide species during bacterial infection revealed that functional RPG is required to sustain strong membrane polarization at the advancing tip of the IT. In addition, loss of RPG functionality alters the cytoskeleton-mediated connectivity between the IT tip and the nucleus and affects the polar secretion of the cell wall modifying enzyme NODULE PECTATE LYASE (NPL). Our results integrate RPG into a core host machinery required to support symbiont accommodation, suggesting that its occurrence in plant host genomes is essential to co-opt a multimeric protein module committed to endosymbiosis to sustain IT-mediated bacterial infection. CI - (c) 2023, Lace et al. FAU - Lace, Beatrice AU - Lace B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4732-573X AD - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Su, Chao AU - Su C AD - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Invernot Perez, Daniel AU - Invernot Perez D AD - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Rodriguez-Franco, Marta AU - Rodriguez-Franco M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1183-2075 AD - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Vernie, Tatiana AU - Vernie T AD - LRSV, Universite de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Batzenschlager, Morgane AU - Batzenschlager M AD - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Egli, Sabrina AU - Egli S AD - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Liu, Cheng-Wu AU - Liu CW AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6650-6245 AD - School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. FAU - Ott, Thomas AU - Ott T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4494-9811 AD - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany. AD - CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. LA - eng GR - OPP1172165/GATES/Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20230301 PL - England TA - Elife JT - eLife JID - 101579614 SB - IM UOF - doi: 10.1101/2022.06.03.494689 MH - *Rhizobium MH - Symbiosis MH - *Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria MH - Cell Nucleus MH - Cell Wall PMC - PMC9991063 OTO - NOTNLM OT - infection thread OT - legume OT - nodulation OT - plant biology OT - polarity OT - rhizobia OT - symbiosis COIS- BL, CS, DI, MR, TV, MB, SE, CL, TO No competing interests declared EDAT- 2023/03/02 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/10 06:00 CRDT- 2023/03/01 05:54 PHST- 2022/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/02/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/01 05:54 [entrez] AID - 80741 [pii] AID - 10.7554/eLife.80741 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Elife. 2023 Mar 1;12:e80741. doi: 10.7554/eLife.80741. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1104/pp.109.143024 19789288 PMC2773094 Kuppusamy, Ivashuta, et al., 2009 "Kuppusamy KT, Ivashuta S, Bucciarelli B, Vance CP, Gantt JS, Vandenbosch KA. Knockdown of CELL DIVISION CYCLE16 reveals an inverse relationship between lateral root and nodule numbers and a link to auxin in Medicago truncatula. Plant Physiol. 2009 Nov;151(3):1155-66. doi: 10.1104/pp.109.143024. Epub 2009 Sep 29. PMID: 19789288; PMCID: PMC2773094." ## PMID- 19789288 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20100127 LR - 20220318 IS - 1532-2548 (Electronic) IS - 0032-0889 (Print) IS - 0032-0889 (Linking) VI - 151 IP - 3 DP - 2009 Nov TI - Knockdown of CELL DIVISION CYCLE16 reveals an inverse relationship between lateral root and nodule numbers and a link to auxin in Medicago truncatula. PG - 1155-66 LID - 10.1104/pp.109.143024 [doi] AB - The postembryonic development of lateral roots and nodules is a highly regulated process. Recent studies suggest the existence of cross talk and interdependency in the growth of these two organs. Although plant hormones, including auxin and cytokinin, appear to be key players in coordinating this cross talk, very few genes that cross-regulate root and nodule development have been uncovered so far. This study reports that a homolog of CELL DIVISION CYCLE16 (CDC16), a core component of the Anaphase Promoting Complex, is one of the key mediators in controlling the overall number of lateral roots and nodules. A partial suppression of this gene in Medicago truncatula leads to a decrease in number of lateral roots and a 4-fold increase in number of nodules. The roots showing lowered expression of MtCDC16 also show reduced sensitivity to phytohormone auxin, thus providing a potential function of CDC16 in auxin signaling. FAU - Kuppusamy, Kavitha T AU - Kuppusamy KT AD - Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA. FAU - Ivashuta, Sergey AU - Ivashuta S FAU - Bucciarelli, Bruna AU - Bucciarelli B FAU - Vance, Carroll P AU - Vance CP FAU - Gantt, J Stephen AU - Gantt JS FAU - Vandenbosch, Kathryn A AU - Vandenbosch KA LA - eng SI - GENBANK/GU075685 SI - GENBANK/GU075686 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20090929 PL - United States TA - Plant Physiol JT - Plant physiology JID - 0401224 RN - 0 (Cell Cycle Proteins) RN - 0 (DNA, Plant) RN - 0 (Indoleacetic Acids) RN - 0 (Plant Growth Regulators) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) SB - IM MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - DNA, Plant/genetics MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Gene Knockdown Techniques MH - Indoleacetic Acids/*metabolism MH - Medicago truncatula/cytology/*genetics/growth & development MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis MH - Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - Plant Root Nodulation/*genetics MH - Plants, Genetically Modified/cytology/genetics/growth & development MH - RNA Interference MH - Root Nodules, Plant/*growth & development MH - Sequence Analysis, DNA PMC - PMC2773094 EDAT- 2009/10/01 06:00 MHDA- 2010/01/28 06:00 CRDT- 2009/10/01 06:00 PHST- 2009/10/01 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2009/10/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2010/01/28 06:00 [medline] AID - pp.109.143024 [pii] AID - 143024 [pii] AID - 10.1104/pp.109.143024 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Physiol. 2009 Nov;151(3):1155-66. doi: 10.1104/pp.109.143024. Epub 2009 Sep 29. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1105/tpc.107.053975 18156218 PMC2217646 Kevei, Lougnon, et al., 2007 "Kevei Z, Lougnon G, Mergaert P, Horváth GV, Kereszt A, Jayaraman D, Zaman N, Marcel F, Regulski K, Kiss GB, Kondorosi A, Endre G, Kondorosi E, Ané JM. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase 1 interacts with NORK and is crucial for nodulation in Medicago truncatula. Plant Cell. 2007 Dec;19(12):3974-89. doi: 10.1105/tpc.107.053975. Epub 2007 Dec 21. PMID: 18156218; PMCID: PMC2217646." ## PMID- 18156218 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20080808 LR - 20181113 IS - 1040-4651 (Print) IS - 1532-298X (Electronic) IS - 1040-4651 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 12 DP - 2007 Dec TI - 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase 1 interacts with NORK and is crucial for nodulation in Medicago truncatula. PG - 3974-89 AB - NORK in legumes encodes a receptor-like kinase that is required for Nod factor signaling and root nodule development. Using Medicago truncatula NORK as bait in a yeast two-hybrid assay, we identified 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase 1 (Mt HMGR1) as a NORK interacting partner. HMGR1 belongs to a multigene family in M. truncatula, and different HMGR isoforms are key enzymes in the mevalonate biosynthetic pathway leading to the production of a diverse array of isoprenoid compounds. Testing other HMGR members revealed a specific interaction between NORK and HMGR1. Mutagenesis and deletion analysis showed that this interaction requires the cytosolic active kinase domain of NORK and the cytosolic catalytic domain of HMGR1. NORK homologs from Lotus japonicus and Sesbania rostrata also interacted with Mt HMGR1, but homologous nonsymbiotic kinases of M. truncatula did not. Pharmacological inhibition of HMGR activities decreased nodule number and delayed nodulation, supporting the importance of the mevalonate pathway in symbiotic development. Decreasing HMGR1 expression in M. truncatula transgenic roots by RNA interference led to a dramatic decrease in nodulation, confirming that HMGR1 is essential for nodule development. Recruitment of HMGR1 by NORK could be required for production of specific isoprenoid compounds, such as cytokinins, phytosteroids, or isoprenoid moieties involved in modification of signaling proteins. FAU - Kevei, Zoltan AU - Kevei Z AD - Institut des Sciences du Vegetal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unite Propre de Recherche 2355, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France. FAU - Lougnon, Geraldine AU - Lougnon G FAU - Mergaert, Peter AU - Mergaert P FAU - Horvath, Gabor V AU - Horvath GV FAU - Kereszt, Attila AU - Kereszt A FAU - Jayaraman, Dhileepkumar AU - Jayaraman D FAU - Zaman, Najia AU - Zaman N FAU - Marcel, Fabian AU - Marcel F FAU - Regulski, Krzysztof AU - Regulski K FAU - Kiss, Gyorgy B AU - Kiss GB FAU - Kondorosi, Adam AU - Kondorosi A FAU - Endre, Gabriella AU - Endre G FAU - Kondorosi, Eva AU - Kondorosi E FAU - Ane, Jean-Michel AU - Ane JM LA - eng SI - GENBANK/AF492655 SI - GENBANK/AJ418369 SI - GENBANK/AY751547 SI - GENBANK/EU302813 SI - GENBANK/EU302814 SI - GENBANK/EU302815 SI - GENBANK/EU302816 SI - GENBANK/EU302817 PT - Journal Article DEP - 20071221 PL - England TA - Plant Cell JT - The Plant cell JID - 9208688 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (Protein Isoforms) RN - 9LHU78OQFD (Lovastatin) RN - EC 1.1.1.- (Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases) SB - IM MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Enzyme Activation/drug effects MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects MH - Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases/genetics/*metabolism MH - Immunoprecipitation MH - In Situ Hybridization MH - Lovastatin/pharmacology MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/*metabolism/microbiology MH - Models, Genetic MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mutation MH - Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism MH - Protein Binding MH - Protein Isoforms/chemistry/genetics/metabolism MH - Protein Structure, Tertiary MH - RNA Interference MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Root Nodules, Plant/genetics/*metabolism/microbiology MH - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid MH - Sinorhizobium meliloti/growth & development MH - Symbiosis MH - Two-Hybrid System Techniques PMC - PMC2217646 EDAT- 2007/12/25 09:00 MHDA- 2008/08/09 09:00 CRDT- 2007/12/25 09:00 PHST- 2007/12/25 09:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2008/08/09 09:00 [medline] PHST- 2007/12/25 09:00 [entrez] AID - tpc.107.053975 [pii] AID - 053975 [pii] AID - 10.1105/tpc.107.053975 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Cell. 2007 Dec;19(12):3974-89. doi: 10.1105/tpc.107.053975. Epub 2007 Dec 21. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1186/s13007-015-0053-y 25774204 PMC4359497 Oellrich, Walls et al., 2015 "Oellrich A, Walls RL, Cannon EK, Cannon SB, Cooper L, Gardiner J, Gkoutos GV, Harper L, He M, Hoehndorf R, Jaiswal P, Kalberer SR, Lloyd JP, Meinke D, Menda N, Moore L, Nelson RT, Pujar A, Lawrence CJ, Huala E. An ontology approach to comparative phenomics in plants. Plant Methods. 2015 Feb 25;11:10. doi: 10.1186/s13007-015-0053-y. PMID: 25774204; PMCID: PMC4359497." ## PMID- 25774204 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20150316 LR - 20220310 IS - 1746-4811 (Print) IS - 1746-4811 (Electronic) IS - 1746-4811 (Linking) VI - 11 DP - 2015 TI - An ontology approach to comparative phenomics in plants. PG - 10 LID - 10.1186/s13007-015-0053-y [doi] LID - 10 AB - BACKGROUND: Plant phenotype datasets include many different types of data, formats, and terms from specialized vocabularies. Because these datasets were designed for different audiences, they frequently contain language and details tailored to investigators with different research objectives and backgrounds. Although phenotype comparisons across datasets have long been possible on a small scale, comprehensive queries and analyses that span a broad set of reference species, research disciplines, and knowledge domains continue to be severely limited by the absence of a common semantic framework. RESULTS: We developed a workflow to curate and standardize existing phenotype datasets for six plant species, encompassing both model species and crop plants with established genetic resources. Our effort focused on mutant phenotypes associated with genes of known sequence in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. (Arabidopsis), Zea mays L. subsp. mays (maize), Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (barrel medic or Medicago), Oryza sativa L. (rice), Glycine max (L.) Merr. (soybean), and Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato). We applied the same ontologies, annotation standards, formats, and best practices across all six species, thereby ensuring that the shared dataset could be used for cross-species querying and semantic similarity analyses. Curated phenotypes were first converted into a common format using taxonomically broad ontologies such as the Plant Ontology, Gene Ontology, and Phenotype and Trait Ontology. We then compared ontology-based phenotypic descriptions with an existing classification system for plant phenotypes and evaluated our semantic similarity dataset for its ability to enhance predictions of gene families, protein functions, and shared metabolic pathways that underlie informative plant phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS: The use of ontologies, annotation standards, shared formats, and best practices for cross-taxon phenotype data analyses represents a novel approach to plant phenomics that enhances the utility of model genetic organisms and can be readily applied to species with fewer genetic resources and less well-characterized genomes. In addition, these tools should enhance future efforts to explore the relationships among phenotypic similarity, gene function, and sequence similarity in plants, and to make genotype-to-phenotype predictions relevant to plant biology, crop improvement, and potentially even human health. FAU - Oellrich, Anika AU - Oellrich A AD - Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA UK. FAU - Walls, Ramona L AU - Walls RL AD - iPlant Collaborative, University of Arizona, 1657 E. Helen St., Tucson, Arizona 85721 USA. FAU - Cannon, Ethalinda Ks AU - Cannon EK AD - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State University, 1018 Crop Informatics Lab, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA. FAU - Cannon, Steven B AU - Cannon SB AD - USDA-ARS Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Crop Genome Informatics Lab, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA. AD - Department of Agronomy, Agronomy Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010 USA. FAU - Cooper, Laurel AU - Cooper L AD - Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 2082 Cordley Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. FAU - Gardiner, Jack AU - Gardiner J AD - Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Roy J Carver Co-Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010 USA. FAU - Gkoutos, Georgios V AU - Gkoutos GV AD - Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Llandinam Building, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB UK. FAU - Harper, Lisa AU - Harper L AD - USDA-ARS Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Crop Genome Informatics Lab, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA. FAU - He, Mingze AU - He M AD - Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Roy J Carver Co-Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010 USA. FAU - Hoehndorf, Robert AU - Hoehndorf R AD - Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division and Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 2882, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. FAU - Jaiswal, Pankaj AU - Jaiswal P AD - Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 2082 Cordley Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. FAU - Kalberer, Scott R AU - Kalberer SR AD - USDA-ARS Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Crop Genome Informatics Lab, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA. FAU - Lloyd, John P AU - Lloyd JP AD - Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA. FAU - Meinke, David AU - Meinke D AD - Department of Botany, Oklahoma State University, 301 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. FAU - Menda, Naama AU - Menda N AD - Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. FAU - Moore, Laura AU - Moore L AD - Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 2082 Cordley Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. FAU - Nelson, Rex T AU - Nelson RT AD - USDA-ARS Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Crop Genome Informatics Lab, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA. FAU - Pujar, Anuradha AU - Pujar A AD - Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. FAU - Lawrence, Carolyn J AU - Lawrence CJ AD - Department of Agronomy, Agronomy Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010 USA. AD - Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Roy J Carver Co-Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010 USA. FAU - Huala, Eva AU - Huala E AD - Phoenix Bioinformatics, 643 Bair Island Rd Suite 403, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20150225 PL - England TA - Plant Methods JT - Plant methods JID - 101245798 PMC - PMC4359497 EDAT- 2015/03/17 06:00 MHDA- 2015/03/17 06:01 CRDT- 2015/03/17 06:00 PHST- 2014/12/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/02/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/03/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/03/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/03/17 06:01 [medline] AID - 53 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13007-015-0053-y [doi] PST - epublish SO - Plant Methods. 2015 Feb 25;11:10. doi: 10.1186/s13007-015-0053-y. eCollection 2015. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04147.x 22530598 null Cheng, Peng, et al., 2012 "Cheng X, Peng J, Ma J, Tang Y, Chen R, Mysore KS, Wen J. NO APICAL MERISTEM (MtNAM) regulates floral organ identity and lateral organ separation in Medicago truncatula. New Phytol. 2012 Jul;195(1):71-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04147.x. Epub 2012 Apr 24. PMID: 22530598." ## PMID- 22530598 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20121009 LR - 20220331 IS - 1469-8137 (Electronic) IS - 0028-646X (Linking) VI - 195 IP - 1 DP - 2012 Jul TI - NO APICAL MERISTEM (MtNAM) regulates floral organ identity and lateral organ separation in Medicago truncatula. PG - 71-84 LID - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04147.x [doi] AB - * The CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC)/NO APICAL MERISTEM (NAM) family of genes control boundary formation and lateral organ separation, which is critical for proper leaf and flower patterning. However, most downstream targets of CUC/NAM genes remain unclear. * In a forward screen of the tobacco retrotransposon1 (Tnt1) insertion population in Medicago truncatula, we isolated a weak allele of the no-apical-meristem mutant mtnam-2. Meanwhile, we regenerated a mature plant from the null allele mtnam-1. These materials allowed us to extensively characterize the function of MtNAM and its downstream genes. * MtNAM is highly expressed in vegetative shoot buds and inflorescence apices, specifically at boundaries between the shoot apical meristem and leaf/flower primordia. Mature plants of the regenerated null allele and the weak allele display remarkable floral phenotypes: floral whorls and organ numbers are reduced and the floral organ identity is compromised. Microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that all classes of floral homeotic genes are down-regulated in mtnam mutants. Mutations in MtNAM also lead to fused cotyledons and leaflets of the compound leaf as well as a defective shoot apical meristem. * Our results revealed that MtNAM shares the role of CUC/NAM family genes in lateral organ separation and compound leaf development, and is also required for floral organ identity and development. CI - (c) 2012 The Authors. New Phytologist (c) 2012 New Phytologist Trust. FAU - Cheng, Xiaofei AU - Cheng X AD - Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA. FAU - Peng, Jianling AU - Peng J FAU - Ma, Junying AU - Ma J FAU - Tang, Yuhong AU - Tang Y FAU - Chen, Rujin AU - Chen R FAU - Mysore, Kirankumar S AU - Mysore KS FAU - Wen, Jiangqi AU - Wen J LA - eng SI - GENBANK/JF929904 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20120424 PL - England TA - New Phytol JT - The New phytologist JID - 9882884 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (Retroelements) SB - IM MH - Cotyledon/anatomy & histology/genetics MH - Flowers/genetics/*physiology MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Genetic Association Studies MH - Inflorescence/anatomy & histology/genetics MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/*physiology MH - Meristem/*genetics/physiology MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mutation MH - Plant Leaves/genetics/growth & development MH - Plant Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism MH - Retroelements EDAT- 2012/04/26 06:00 MHDA- 2012/10/10 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/26 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/26 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2012/04/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2012/10/10 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04147.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - New Phytol. 2012 Jul;195(1):71-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04147.x. Epub 2012 Apr 24. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.3389/fpls.2015.00575 26284091 PMC4517396 Chen, Liu, et al., 2015 "Chen DS, Liu CW, Roy S, Cousins D, Stacey N, Murray JD. Identification of a core set of rhizobial infection genes using data from single cell-types. Front Plant Sci. 2015 Jul 28;6:575. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00575. PMID: 26284091; PMCID: PMC4517396." ## PMID- 26284091 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20150818 LR - 20220129 IS - 1664-462X (Print) IS - 1664-462X (Electronic) IS - 1664-462X (Linking) VI - 6 DP - 2015 TI - Identification of a core set of rhizobial infection genes using data from single cell-types. PG - 575 LID - 10.3389/fpls.2015.00575 [doi] LID - 575 AB - Genome-wide expression studies on nodulation have varied in their scale from entire root systems to dissected nodules or root sections containing nodule primordia (NP). More recently efforts have focused on developing methods for isolation of root hairs from infected plants and the application of laser-capture microdissection technology to nodules. Here we analyze two published data sets to identify a core set of infection genes that are expressed in the nodule and in root hairs during infection. Among the genes identified were those encoding phenylpropanoid biosynthesis enzymes including Chalcone-O-Methyltransferase which is required for the production of the potent Nod gene inducer 4',4-dihydroxy-2-methoxychalcone. A promoter-GUS analysis in transgenic hairy roots for two genes encoding Chalcone-O-Methyltransferase isoforms revealed their expression in rhizobially infected root hairs and the nodule infection zone but not in the nitrogen fixation zone. We also describe a group of Rhizobially Induced Peroxidases whose expression overlaps with the production of superoxide in rhizobially infected root hairs and in nodules and roots. Finally, we identify a cohort of co-regulated transcription factors as candidate regulators of these processes. FAU - Chen, Da-Song AU - Chen DS AD - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan China. FAU - Liu, Cheng-Wu AU - Liu CW AD - John Innes Centre, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Norfolk UK. FAU - Roy, Sonali AU - Roy S AD - John Innes Centre, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Norfolk UK. FAU - Cousins, Donna AU - Cousins D AD - John Innes Centre, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Norfolk UK. FAU - Stacey, Nicola AU - Stacey N AD - John Innes Centre, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Norfolk UK. FAU - Murray, Jeremy D AU - Murray JD AD - John Innes Centre, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Norfolk UK. LA - eng GR - BB/G023832/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20150728 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Plant Sci JT - Frontiers in plant science JID - 101568200 PMC - PMC4517396 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CCAAT-box OT - Nod factors OT - infection threads OT - infection zone OT - medicarpin OT - methoxychalcone OT - nod genes OT - nodulation EDAT- 2015/08/19 06:00 MHDA- 2015/08/19 06:01 CRDT- 2015/08/19 06:00 PHST- 2015/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/07/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/08/19 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/08/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/08/19 06:01 [medline] AID - 10.3389/fpls.2015.00575 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Plant Sci. 2015 Jul 28;6:575. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00575. eCollection 2015. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1105/tpc.15.00461 26672071 PMC4707452 Vernié, Kim, et al., 2015 "Vernié T, Kim J, Frances L, Ding Y, Sun J, Guan D, Niebel A, Gifford ML, de Carvalho-Niebel F, Oldroyd GE. The NIN Transcription Factor Coordinates Diverse Nodulation Programs in Different Tissues of the Medicago truncatula Root. Plant Cell. 2015 Dec;27(12):3410-24. doi: 10.1105/tpc.15.00461. Epub 2015 Dec 15. PMID: 26672071; PMCID: PMC4707452." ## PMID- 26672071 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170130 LR - 20210304 IS - 1532-298X (Electronic) IS - 1040-4651 (Print) IS - 1040-4651 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 12 DP - 2015 Dec TI - The NIN Transcription Factor Coordinates Diverse Nodulation Programs in Different Tissues of the Medicago truncatula Root. PG - 3410-24 LID - 10.1105/tpc.15.00461 [doi] AB - Biological nitrogen fixation in legumes occurs in nodules that are initiated in the root cortex following Nod factor recognition at the root surface, and this requires coordination of diverse developmental programs in these different tissues. We show that while early Nod factor signaling associated with calcium oscillations is limited to the root surface, the resultant activation of Nodule Inception (NIN) in the root epidermis is sufficient to promote cytokinin signaling and nodule organogenesis in the inner root cortex. NIN or a product of its action must be associated with the transmission of a signal between the root surface and the cortical cells where nodule organogenesis is initiated. NIN appears to have distinct functions in the root epidermis and the root cortex. In the epidermis, NIN restricts the extent of Early Nodulin 11 (ENOD11) expression and does so through competitive inhibition of ERF Required for Nodulation (ERN1). In contrast, NIN is sufficient to promote the expression of the cytokinin receptor Cytokinin Response 1 (CRE1), which is restricted to the root cortex. Our work in Medicago truncatula highlights the complexity of NIN action and places NIN as a central player in the coordination of the symbiotic developmental programs occurring in differing tissues of the root that combined are necessary for a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. CI - (c) 2015 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. FAU - Vernie, Tatiana AU - Vernie T AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1387-6370 AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom. FAU - Kim, Jiyoung AU - Kim J AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom. FAU - Frances, Lisa AU - Frances L AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, CNRS-INRA 2594/441, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. FAU - Ding, Yiliang AU - Ding Y AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom. FAU - Sun, Jongho AU - Sun J AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom. FAU - Guan, Dian AU - Guan D AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom. FAU - Niebel, Andreas AU - Niebel A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3402-8381 AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, CNRS-INRA 2594/441, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. FAU - Gifford, Miriam L AU - Gifford ML AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4005-2513 AD - School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom. FAU - de Carvalho-Niebel, Fernanda AU - de Carvalho-Niebel F AD - Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, CNRS-INRA 2594/441, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. FAU - Oldroyd, Giles E D AU - Oldroyd GE AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom giles.oldroyd@jic.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - BB/H019502/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom GR - BB/J001872/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20151215 PL - England TA - Plant Cell JT - The Plant cell JID - 9208688 RN - 0 (Cytokinins) RN - 0 (ENOD11 protein, Medicago truncatula) RN - 0 (NIN protein, Lotus japonicus) RN - 0 (Plant Growth Regulators) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) SB - IM MH - Calcium/metabolism MH - Cytokinins/metabolism MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Genes, Reporter MH - Medicago truncatula/cytology/*genetics/physiology MH - Nitrogen Fixation MH - Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - Plant Root Nodulation MH - Plant Roots/cytology/genetics/metabolism/physiology MH - Plants, Genetically Modified MH - Root Nodules, Plant/cytology/genetics/physiology MH - *Signal Transduction MH - Sinorhizobium meliloti/*physiology MH - *Symbiosis MH - Tobacco/cytology/genetics/physiology MH - Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism PMC - PMC4707452 EDAT- 2015/12/17 06:00 MHDA- 2017/01/31 06:00 CRDT- 2015/12/17 06:00 PHST- 2015/05/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/11/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/12/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/12/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/01/31 06:00 [medline] AID - tpc.15.00461 [pii] AID - TPC201500461RAR2 [pii] AID - 10.1105/tpc.15.00461 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Cell. 2015 Dec;27(12):3410-24. doi: 10.1105/tpc.15.00461. Epub 2015 Dec 15. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1094/mpmi.2000.13.7.763 10875337 null Salzer, Bonanomi, et al., 2000 "Salzer P, Bonanomi A, Beyer K, Vögeli-Lange R, Aeschbacher RA, Lange J, Wiemken A, Kim D, Cook DR, Boller T. Differential expression of eight chitinase genes in Medicago truncatula roots during mycorrhiza formation, nodulation, and pathogen infection. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2000 Jul;13(7):763-77. doi: 10.1094/MPMI.2000.13.7.763. PMID: 10875337." ## PMID- 10875337 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20001026 LR - 20161124 IS - 0894-0282 (Print) IS - 0894-0282 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 7 DP - 2000 Jul TI - Differential expression of eight chitinase genes in Medicago truncatula roots during mycorrhiza formation, nodulation, and pathogen infection. PG - 763-77 AB - Expression of eight different chitinase genes, representing members of five chitinase classes, was studied in Medicago truncatula roots during formation of arbuscular mycorrhiza with Glomus intraradices, nodulation with Rhizobium meliloti, and pathogen attack by Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. medicaginis, Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli (compatible interactions with root rot symptoms), Ascochyta pisi (compatible, symptomless), and F. solani f. sp. pisi (incompatible, nonhost interaction). In the compatible plant-pathogen interactions, expression of class I, II, and IV chitinase genes was enhanced. The same genes were induced during nodulation. Transcripts of class I and II chitinase genes accumulated transiently during early stages of the interaction, and transcripts of the class IV chitinase gene accumulated in mature nodules. The pattern of chitinase gene expression in mycorrhizal roots was markedly different: Expression of class I, II, and IV chitinase genes was not enhanced, whereas expression of three class III chitinase genes, with almost no basal expression, was strongly induced. Two of these three (Mtchitinase III-2 and Mtchitinase III-3) were not induced at all in interactions with pathogens and rhizobia. Thus, the expression of two mycorrhiza-specific class III chitinase genes can be considered a hallmark for the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza in Medicago truncatula. FAU - Salzer, P AU - Salzer P AD - Botanisches Institut der Universitat Basel, Switzerland. Peter.Salzer@unibas.ch FAU - Bonanomi, A AU - Bonanomi A FAU - Beyer, K AU - Beyer K FAU - Vogeli-Lange, R AU - Vogeli-Lange R FAU - Aeschbacher, R A AU - Aeschbacher RA FAU - Lange, J AU - Lange J FAU - Wiemken, A AU - Wiemken A FAU - Kim, D AU - Kim D FAU - Cook, D R AU - Cook DR FAU - Boller, T AU - Boller T LA - eng SI - GENBANK/AF167322 SI - GENBANK/AF167323 SI - GENBANK/AF167324 SI - GENBANK/AF167325 SI - GENBANK/AF167326 SI - GENBANK/AF167327 SI - GENBANK/AF167328 SI - GENBANK/AF167329 SI - GENBANK/AJ238651 SI - GENBANK/AJ245511 SI - GENBANK/AJ245512 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Mol Plant Microbe Interact JT - Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI JID - 9107902 RN - 0 (DNA Primers) RN - 0 (Isoenzymes) RN - 0 (Ubiquitins) RN - EC 3.2.1.14 (Chitinases) SB - IM MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Base Sequence MH - Chitinases/biosynthesis/chemistry/*genetics MH - DNA Primers MH - Enzyme Induction MH - Fusarium/*pathogenicity MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Isoenzymes/biosynthesis/chemistry/genetics MH - Medicago sativa/enzymology/*genetics/*microbiology MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Phytophthora/*pathogenicity MH - Plant Diseases MH - Plant Roots/enzymology/microbiology MH - Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Sequence Alignment MH - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid MH - Ubiquitins/genetics EDAT- 2000/06/30 11:00 MHDA- 2001/02/28 10:01 CRDT- 2000/06/30 11:00 PHST- 2000/06/30 11:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2001/02/28 10:01 [medline] PHST- 2000/06/30 11:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1094/MPMI.2000.13.7.763 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2000 Jul;13(7):763-77. doi: 10.1094/MPMI.2000.13.7.763. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1104/pp.108.125062 18790999 PMC2577242 Floss, Schliemann, et al., 2008 "Floss DS, Schliemann W, Schmidt J, Strack D, Walter MH. RNA interference-mediated repression of MtCCD1 in mycorrhizal roots of Medicago truncatula causes accumulation of C27 apocarotenoids, shedding light on the functional role of CCD1. Plant Physiol. 2008 Nov;148(3):1267-82. doi: 10.1104/pp.108.125062. Epub 2008 Sep 12. PMID: 18790999; PMCID: PMC2577242." ## PMID- 18790999 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20090102 LR - 20211020 IS - 0032-0889 (Print) IS - 1532-2548 (Electronic) IS - 0032-0889 (Linking) VI - 148 IP - 3 DP - 2008 Nov TI - RNA interference-mediated repression of MtCCD1 in mycorrhizal roots of Medicago truncatula causes accumulation of C27 apocarotenoids, shedding light on the functional role of CCD1. PG - 1267-82 LID - 10.1104/pp.108.125062 [doi] AB - Tailoring carotenoids by plant carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) generates various bioactive apocarotenoids. Recombinant CCD1 has been shown to catalyze symmetrical cleavage of C(40) carotenoid substrates at 9,10 and 9',10' positions. The actual substrate(s) of the enzyme in planta, however, is still unknown. In this study, we have carried out RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated repression of a Medicago truncatula CCD1 gene in hairy roots colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices. As a consequence, the normal AM-mediated accumulation of apocarotenoids (C(13) cyclohexenone and C(14) mycorradicin derivatives) was differentially modified. Mycorradicin derivatives were strongly reduced to 3% to 6% of the controls, while the cyclohexenone derivatives were only reduced to 30% to 47%. Concomitantly, a yellow-orange color appeared in RNAi roots. Based on ultraviolet light spectra and mass spectrometry analyses, the new compounds are C(27) apocarotenoic acid derivatives. These metabolic alterations did not lead to major changes in molecular markers of the AM symbiosis, although a moderate shift to more degenerating arbuscules was observed in RNAi roots. The unexpected outcome of the RNAi approach suggests C(27) apocarotenoids as the major substrates of CCD1 in mycorrhizal root cells. Moreover, literature data implicate C(27) apocarotenoid cleavage as the general functional role of CCD1 in planta. A revised scheme of plant carotenoid cleavage in two consecutive steps is proposed, in which CCD1 catalyzes only the second step in the cytosol (C(27)-->C(14)+C(13)), while the first step (C(40)-->C(27)+C(13)) may be catalyzed by CCD7 and/or CCD4 inside plastids. FAU - Floss, Daniela S AU - Floss DS AD - Leibniz-Institut fur Pflanzenbiochemie, Abteilung Sekundarstoffwechsel , D-06120 Halle, Germany. FAU - Schliemann, Willibald AU - Schliemann W FAU - Schmidt, Jurgen AU - Schmidt J FAU - Strack, Dieter AU - Strack D FAU - Walter, Michael H AU - Walter MH LA - eng SI - GENBANK/FM204879 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20080912 PL - United States TA - Plant Physiol JT - Plant physiology JID - 0401224 RN - 0 (DNA Primers) RN - 0 (DNA, Complementary) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 36-88-4 (Carotenoids) RN - EC 1.13.11.- (Dioxygenases) RN - EC 1.13.11.- (carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1) SB - IM MH - Base Sequence MH - Carotenoids/*metabolism MH - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid MH - Cloning, Molecular MH - DNA Primers MH - DNA, Complementary MH - Dioxygenases/*genetics/metabolism MH - *Genes, Plant MH - Mass Spectrometry MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/*metabolism MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Plant Roots/*enzymology MH - *RNA Interference MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction PMC - PMC2577242 EDAT- 2008/09/16 09:00 MHDA- 2009/01/03 09:00 CRDT- 2008/09/16 09:00 PHST- 2008/09/16 09:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2009/01/03 09:00 [medline] PHST- 2008/09/16 09:00 [entrez] AID - pp.108.125062 [pii] AID - 125062 [pii] AID - 10.1104/pp.108.125062 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Physiol. 2008 Nov;148(3):1267-82. doi: 10.1104/pp.108.125062. Epub 2008 Sep 12. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1073/pnas.2205920119 35972963 PMC9407390 Liu, Lin, et al., 2022 "Liu H, Lin JS, Luo Z, Sun J, Huang X, Yang Y, Xu J, Wang YF, Zhang P, Oldroyd GED, Xie F. Constitutive activation of a nuclear-localized calcium channel complex in Medicago truncatula. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Aug 23;119(34):e2205920119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2205920119. Epub 2022 Aug 16. PMID: 35972963; PMCID: PMC9407390." ## PMID- 35972963 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220818 LR - 20230217 IS - 1091-6490 (Electronic) IS - 0027-8424 (Print) IS - 0027-8424 (Linking) VI - 119 IP - 34 DP - 2022 Aug 23 TI - Constitutive activation of a nuclear-localized calcium channel complex in Medicago truncatula. PG - e2205920119 LID - 10.1073/pnas.2205920119 [doi] LID - e2205920119 AB - Nuclear Ca(2+) oscillations allow symbiosis signaling, facilitating plant recognition of beneficial microsymbionts, nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, and nutrient-capturing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Two classes of channels, DMI1 and CNGC15, in a complex on the nuclear membrane, coordinate symbiotic Ca(2+) oscillations. However, the mechanism of Ca(2+) signature generation is unknown. Here, we demonstrate spontaneous activation of this channel complex, through gain-of-function mutations in DMI1, leading to spontaneous nuclear Ca(2+) oscillations and spontaneous nodulation, in a CNGC15-dependent manner. The mutations destabilize a hydrogen-bond or salt-bridge network between two RCK domains, with the resultant structural changes, alongside DMI1 cation permeability, activating the channel complex. This channel complex was reconstituted in human HEK293T cell lines, with the resultant calcium influx enhanced by autoactivated DMI1 and CNGC15s. Our results demonstrate the mode of activation of this nuclear channel complex, show that DMI1 and CNGC15 are sufficient to create oscillatory Ca(2+) signals, and provide insights into its native mode of induction. FAU - Liu, Haiyue AU - Liu H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9009-2153 AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. AD - University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Lin, Jie-Shun AU - Lin JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3726-0303 AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. AD - University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Luo, Zhenpeng AU - Luo Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4512-8505 AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. AD - University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Sun, Jongho AU - Sun J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3705-3072 AD - Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, United Kingdom. FAU - Huang, Xiaowei AU - Huang X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9964-687X AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. AD - University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Yang, Yang AU - Yang Y AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. AD - University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. FAU - Xu, Ji AU - Xu J AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. FAU - Wang, Yong-Fei AU - Wang YF AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3139-7701 AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. FAU - Zhang, Peng AU - Zhang P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0408-2923 AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. FAU - Oldroyd, Giles E D AU - Oldroyd GED AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5245-6355 AD - Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, United Kingdom. FAU - Xie, Fang AU - Xie F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0530-1430 AD - National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220816 PL - United States TA - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A JT - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America JID - 7505876 RN - 0 (Calcium Channels) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) SB - IM MH - Calcium/metabolism MH - *Calcium Channels/genetics/metabolism MH - *Calcium Signaling/physiology MH - Cell Nucleus/metabolism MH - Gain of Function Mutation MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - HEK293 Cells MH - Humans MH - *Medicago truncatula/genetics/physiology MH - *Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - *Plant Root Nodulation/genetics/physiology MH - *Plant Roots/genetics/physiology MH - Symbiosis/physiology PMC - PMC9407390 OTO - NOTNLM OT - CNGC15 OT - DMI1 OT - NF signaling OT - calcium channel OT - nuclear calcium spiking COIS- The authors declare no competing interest. EDAT- 2022/08/17 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/19 06:00 CRDT- 2022/08/16 13:42 PHST- 2022/08/16 13:42 [entrez] PHST- 2022/08/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/19 06:00 [medline] AID - 202205920 [pii] AID - 10.1073/pnas.2205920119 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Aug 23;119(34):e2205920119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2205920119. Epub 2022 Aug 16. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1111/nph.12198 23432463 null Rey, Nars, et al., 2013 "Rey T, Nars A, Bonhomme M, Bottin A, Huguet S, Balzergue S, Jardinaud MF, Bono JJ, Cullimore J, Dumas B, Gough C, Jacquet C. NFP, a LysM protein controlling Nod factor perception, also intervenes in Medicago truncatula resistance to pathogens. New Phytol. 2013 May;198(3):875-886. doi: 10.1111/nph.12198. Epub 2013 Feb 25. PMID: 23432463." ## PMID- 23432463 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20131125 LR - 20211203 IS - 1469-8137 (Electronic) IS - 0028-646X (Linking) VI - 198 IP - 3 DP - 2013 May TI - NFP, a LysM protein controlling Nod factor perception, also intervenes in Medicago truncatula resistance to pathogens. PG - 875-886 LID - 10.1111/nph.12198 [doi] AB - Plant LysM proteins control the perception of microbial-derived N-acetylglucosamine compounds for the establishment of symbiosis or activation of plant immunity. This raises questions about how plants, and notably legumes, can differentiate friends and foes using similar molecular actors and whether any receptors can intervene in both symbiosis and resistance. To study this question, nfp and lyk3 LysM-receptor like kinase mutants of Medicago truncatula that are affected in the early steps of nodulation, were analysed following inoculation with Aphanomyces euteiches, a root oomycete. The role of NFP in this interaction was further analysed by overexpression of NFP and by transcriptome analyses. nfp, but not lyk3, mutants were significantly more susceptible than wildtype plants to A. euteiches, whereas NFP overexpression increased resistance. Transcriptome analyses on A. euteiches inoculation showed that mutation in the NFP gene led to significant changes in the expression of c. 500 genes, notably involved in cell dynamic processes previously associated with resistance to pathogen penetration. nfp mutants also showed an increased susceptibility to the fungus Colletotrichum trifolii. These results demonstrate that NFP intervenes in M. truncatula immunity, suggesting an unsuspected role for NFP in the perception of pathogenic signals. CI - (c) 2013 The Authors. New Phytologist (c) 2013 New Phytologist Trust. FAU - Rey, Thomas AU - Rey T AD - Universite de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Nars, Amaury AU - Nars A AD - Universite de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Bonhomme, Maxime AU - Bonhomme M AD - Universite de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Bottin, Arnaud AU - Bottin A AD - Universite de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Huguet, Stephanie AU - Huguet S AD - Unite de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale (URGV), UMR INRA 1165, Universite d'Evry Val d'Essonne, ERL CNRS 8196, CP 5708, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France. FAU - Balzergue, Sandrine AU - Balzergue S AD - Unite de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale (URGV), UMR INRA 1165, Universite d'Evry Val d'Essonne, ERL CNRS 8196, CP 5708, F-91057, Evry Cedex, France. FAU - Jardinaud, Marie-Francoise AU - Jardinaud MF AD - INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Bono, Jean-Jacques AU - Bono JJ AD - INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Cullimore, Julie AU - Cullimore J AD - INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Dumas, Bernard AU - Dumas B AD - Universite de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Gough, Clare AU - Gough C AD - INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Jacquet, Christophe AU - Jacquet C AD - Universite de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20130225 PL - England TA - New Phytol JT - The New phytologist JID - 9882884 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases) SB - IM MH - Aphanomyces/pathogenicity/physiology MH - Colletotrichum/*pathogenicity MH - Disease Resistance/genetics MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - *Host-Pathogen Interactions MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/*metabolism/*microbiology MH - Mutation MH - Plant Diseases/genetics/microbiology MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - Plant Roots/metabolism/microbiology MH - Plants, Genetically Modified MH - Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism MH - Symbiosis/physiology EDAT- 2013/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2013/12/16 06:00 CRDT- 2013/02/26 06:00 PHST- 2012/11/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2013/01/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2013/02/26 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2013/12/16 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1111/nph.12198 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - New Phytol. 2013 May;198(3):875-886. doi: 10.1111/nph.12198. Epub 2013 Feb 25. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1104/pp.18.01588 30782966 PMC6501087 Laffont, Huault, et al., 2019 "Laffont C, Huault E, Gautrat P, Endre G, Kalo P, Bourion V, Duc G, Frugier F. Independent Regulation of Symbiotic Nodulation by the SUNN Negative and CRA2 Positive Systemic Pathways. Plant Physiol. 2019 May;180(1):559-570. doi: 10.1104/pp.18.01588. Epub 2019 Feb 19. PMID: 30782966; PMCID: PMC6501087." ## PMID- 30782966 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200226 LR - 20200501 IS - 1532-2548 (Electronic) IS - 0032-0889 (Print) IS - 0032-0889 (Linking) VI - 180 IP - 1 DP - 2019 May TI - Independent Regulation of Symbiotic Nodulation by the SUNN Negative and CRA2 Positive Systemic Pathways. PG - 559-570 LID - 10.1104/pp.18.01588 [doi] AB - Plant systemic signaling pathways allow the integration and coordination of shoot and root organ metabolism and development at the whole-plant level depending on nutrient availability. In legumes, two systemic pathways have been reported in the Medicago truncatula model to regulate root nitrogen-fixing symbiotic nodulation. Both pathways involve leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases acting in shoots and proposed to perceive signaling peptides produced in roots depending on soil nutrient availability. In this study, we characterized in the M. truncatula Jemalong A17 genotype a mutant allelic series affecting the Compact Root Architecture2 (CRA2) receptor. These analyses revealed that this pathway acts systemically from shoots to positively regulate nodulation and is required for the activity of carboxyl-terminally encoded peptides (CEPs). In addition, we generated a double mutant to test genetic interactions of the CRA2 systemic pathway with the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION peptide (CLE)/Super Numeric Nodule (SUNN) receptor systemic pathway negatively regulating nodule number from shoots, which revealed an intermediate nodule number phenotype close to the wild type. Finally, we showed that the nitrate inhibition of nodule numbers was observed in cra2 mutants but not in sunn and cra2 sunn mutants. Overall, these results suggest that CEP/CRA2 and CLE/SUNN systemic pathways act independently from shoots to regulate nodule numbers. CI - (c) 2019 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved. FAU - Laffont, Carole AU - Laffont C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8447-1736 AD - Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Paris Sud, Universite Paris Diderot, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. FAU - Huault, Emeline AU - Huault E AD - Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Paris Sud, Universite Paris Diderot, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. FAU - Gautrat, Pierre AU - Gautrat P AD - Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Paris Sud, Universite Paris Diderot, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. FAU - Endre, Gabriella AU - Endre G AD - Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary. FAU - Kalo, Peter AU - Kalo P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0404-8904 AD - National Agricultural and Innovation Center, Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, 2100 Godollo, Hungary. FAU - Bourion, Virginie AU - Bourion V AD - Agroecologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroSup Dijon, Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21065 Dijon, France. FAU - Duc, Gerard AU - Duc G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2921-3152 AD - Agroecologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroSup Dijon, Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21065 Dijon, France. FAU - Frugier, Florian AU - Frugier F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9783-7418 AD - Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Paris Sud, Universite Paris Diderot, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France florian.frugier@cnrs.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20190219 PL - United States TA - Plant Physiol JT - Plant physiology JID - 0401224 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) SB - IM MH - Medicago truncatula/*physiology MH - Metabolic Networks and Pathways MH - Mutation MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - Plant Root Nodulation/*physiology MH - Plant Roots/physiology MH - Symbiosis PMC - PMC6501087 EDAT- 2019/02/21 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/27 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/21 06:00 PHST- 2019/01/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/02/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/02/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - pp.18.01588 [pii] AID - 201801588DR1 [pii] AID - 10.1104/pp.18.01588 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Physiol. 2019 May;180(1):559-570. doi: 10.1104/pp.18.01588. Epub 2019 Feb 19. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.3389/fpls.2016.00034 26858743 PMC4732000 Qiao, Pingault, et al., 2016 "Qiao Z, Pingault L, Nourbakhsh-Rey M, Libault M. Comprehensive Comparative Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses of the Legume Genes Controlling the Nodulation Process. Front Plant Sci. 2016 Jan 29;7:34. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00034. PMID: 26858743; PMCID: PMC4732000." ## PMID- 26858743 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20160209 LR - 20200930 IS - 1664-462X (Print) IS - 1664-462X (Electronic) IS - 1664-462X (Linking) VI - 7 DP - 2016 TI - Comprehensive Comparative Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses of the Legume Genes Controlling the Nodulation Process. PG - 34 LID - 10.3389/fpls.2016.00034 [doi] LID - 34 AB - Nitrogen is one of the most essential plant nutrients and one of the major factors limiting crop productivity. Having the goal to perform a more sustainable agriculture, there is a need to maximize biological nitrogen fixation, a feature of legumes. To enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling the interaction between legumes and rhizobia, the symbiotic partner fixing and assimilating the atmospheric nitrogen for the plant, researchers took advantage of genetic and genomic resources developed across different legume models (e.g., Medicago truncatula, Lotus japonicus, Glycine max, and Phaseolus vulgaris) to identify key regulatory protein coding genes of the nodulation process. In this study, we are presenting the results of a comprehensive comparative genomic analysis to highlight orthologous and paralogous relationships between the legume genes controlling nodulation. Mining large transcriptomic datasets, we also identified several orthologous and paralogous genes characterized by the induction of their expression during nodulation across legume plant species. This comprehensive study prompts new insights into the evolution of the nodulation process in legume plant and will benefit the scientific community interested in the transfer of functional genomic information between species. FAU - Qiao, Zhenzhen AU - Qiao Z AD - Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma Norman, OK, USA. FAU - Pingault, Lise AU - Pingault L AD - Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma Norman, OK, USA. FAU - Nourbakhsh-Rey, Mehrnoush AU - Nourbakhsh-Rey M AD - Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma Norman, OK, USA. FAU - Libault, Marc AU - Libault M AD - Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma Norman, OK, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20160129 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Plant Sci JT - Frontiers in plant science JID - 101568200 PMC - PMC4732000 OTO - NOTNLM OT - comparative genomic OT - comparative transcriptomic OT - legume OT - neo-/sub-functionalization OT - nodulation OT - orthologs OT - paralogs OT - root hair cell EDAT- 2016/02/10 06:00 MHDA- 2016/02/10 06:01 CRDT- 2016/02/10 06:00 PHST- 2015/10/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/01/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/02/10 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/02/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/02/10 06:01 [medline] AID - 10.3389/fpls.2016.00034 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Plant Sci. 2016 Jan 29;7:34. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00034. eCollection 2016. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1186/s12870-020-02619-6 32867687 null Jiao, Wang, et al., 2020 "Jiao Z, Wang L, Du H, Wang Y, Wang W, Liu J, Huang J, Huang W, Ge L. Genome-wide study of C2H2 zinc finger gene family in Medicago truncatula. BMC Plant Biol. 2020 Aug 31;20(1):401. doi: 10.1186/s12870-020-02619-6. PMID: 32867687; PMCID: PMC7460785." ## PMID- 32867687 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210218 LR - 20210218 IS - 1471-2229 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2229 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Aug 31 TI - Genome-wide study of C2H2 zinc finger gene family in Medicago truncatula. PG - 401 LID - 10.1186/s12870-020-02619-6 [doi] LID - 401 AB - BACKGROUND: C2H2 zinc finger proteins (C2H2 ZFPs) play vital roles in shaping many aspects of plant growth and adaptation to the environment. Plant genomes harbor hundreds of C2H2 ZFPs, which compose one of the most important and largest transcription factor families in higher plants. Although the C2H2 ZFP gene family has been reported in several plant species, it has not been described in the model leguminous species Medicago truncatula. RESULTS: In this study, we identified 218 C2H2 type ZFPs with 337 individual C2H2 motifs in M. truncatula. We showed that the high rate of local gene duplication has significantly contributed to the expansion of the C2H2 gene family in M. truncatula. The identified ZFPs exhibit high variation in motif arrangement and expression pattern, suggesting that the short C2H2 zinc finger motif has been adopted as a scaffold by numerous transcription factors with different functions to recognize cis-elements. By analyzing the public expression datasets and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), we identified several C2H2 ZFPs that are specifically expressed in certain tissues, such as the nodule, seed, and flower. CONCLUSION: Our genome-wide work revealed an expanded C2H2 ZFP gene family in an important legume M. truncatula, and provides new insights into the diversification and expansion of C2H2 ZFPs in higher plants. FAU - Jiao, Zhicheng AU - Jiao Z AD - Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, Tianhe, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. FAU - Wang, Liping AU - Wang L AD - State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. FAU - Du, Huan AU - Du H AD - Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, Tianhe, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. FAU - Wang, Ying AU - Wang Y AD - Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, Tianhe, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. FAU - Wang, Weixu AU - Wang W AD - Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, Tianhe, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. FAU - Liu, Junjie AU - Liu J AD - Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, Tianhe, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. FAU - Huang, Jinhang AU - Huang J AD - Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, Tianhe, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. FAU - Huang, Wei AU - Huang W AD - State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. AD - College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. FAU - Ge, Liangfa AU - Ge L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4831-4637 AD - Department of Grassland Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. lge@scau.edu.cn. AD - Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, Tianhe, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. lge@scau.edu.cn. AD - Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. lge@scau.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200831 PL - England TA - BMC Plant Biol JT - BMC plant biology JID - 100967807 SB - IM MH - CYS2-HIS2 Zinc Fingers/*genetics MH - *Gene Duplication MH - Genes, Plant/*genetics MH - *Genome-Wide Association Study MH - Medicago truncatula/*genetics MH - *Multigene Family PMC - PMC7460785 OTO - NOTNLM OT - C2H2 OT - EAR motif OT - Expression OT - Gene family OT - Local gene duplication OT - Zinc finger COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. EDAT- 2020/09/02 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/20 06:00 CRDT- 2020/09/02 06:00 PHST- 2019/07/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/02 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/09/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/20 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1186/s12870-020-02619-6 [pii] AID - 2619 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12870-020-02619-6 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Plant Biol. 2020 Aug 31;20(1):401. doi: 10.1186/s12870-020-02619-6. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1038/s41477-018-0286-7 30397259 null Pecrix, Staton, et al., 2018 "Pecrix Y, Staton SE, Sallet E, Lelandais-Brière C, Moreau S, Carrère S, Blein T, Jardinaud MF, Latrasse D, Zouine M, Zahm M, Kreplak J, Mayjonade B, Satgé C, Perez M, Cauet S, Marande W, Chantry-Darmon C, Lopez-Roques C, Bouchez O, Bérard A, Debellé F, Muños S, Bendahmane A, Bergès H, Niebel A, Buitink J, Frugier F, Benhamed M, Crespi M, Gouzy J, Gamas P. Whole-genome landscape of Medicago truncatula symbiotic genes. Nat Plants. 2018 Dec;4(12):1017-1025. doi: 10.1038/s41477-018-0286-7. Epub 2018 Nov 5. PMID: 30397259." ## PMID- 30397259 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190701 LR - 20191029 IS - 2055-0278 (Electronic) IS - 2055-0278 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 12 DP - 2018 Dec TI - Whole-genome landscape of Medicago truncatula symbiotic genes. PG - 1017-1025 LID - 10.1038/s41477-018-0286-7 [doi] AB - Advances in deciphering the functional architecture of eukaryotic genomes have been facilitated by recent breakthroughs in sequencing technologies, enabling a more comprehensive representation of genes and repeat elements in genome sequence assemblies, as well as more sensitive and tissue-specific analyses of gene expression. Here we show that PacBio sequencing has led to a substantially improved genome assembly of Medicago truncatula A17, a legume model species notable for endosymbiosis studies(1), and has enabled the identification of genome rearrangements between genotypes at a near-base-pair resolution. Annotation of the new M. truncatula genome sequence has allowed for a thorough analysis of transposable elements and their dynamics, as well as the identification of new players involved in symbiotic nodule development, in particular 1,037 upregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). We have also discovered that a substantial proportion (~35% and 38%, respectively) of the genes upregulated in nodules or expressed in the nodule differentiation zone colocalize in genomic clusters (270 and 211, respectively), here termed symbiotic islands. These islands contain numerous expressed lncRNA genes and display differentially both DNA methylation and histone marks. Epigenetic regulations and lncRNAs are therefore attractive candidate elements for the orchestration of symbiotic gene expression in the M. truncatula genome. FAU - Pecrix, Yann AU - Pecrix Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6537-3145 AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Staton, S Evan AU - Staton SE AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5681-6047 AD - University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Sallet, Erika AU - Sallet E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4637-473X AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Lelandais-Briere, Christine AU - Lelandais-Briere C AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot and Sorbonne Paris Cite, Gif sur Yvette, France. AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot, Paris Sud, Evry and Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Moreau, Sandra AU - Moreau S AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Carrere, Sebastien AU - Carrere S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2348-0778 AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Blein, Thomas AU - Blein T AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot and Sorbonne Paris Cite, Gif sur Yvette, France. AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot, Paris Sud, Evry and Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Jardinaud, Marie-Francoise AU - Jardinaud MF AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INPT, ENSAT, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Latrasse, David AU - Latrasse D AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot and Sorbonne Paris Cite, Gif sur Yvette, France. AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot, Paris Sud, Evry and Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Zouine, Mohamed AU - Zouine M AD - GBF, Universite de Toulouse, INPT, ENSAT, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Zahm, Margot AU - Zahm M AD - GBF, Universite de Toulouse, INPT, ENSAT, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Kreplak, Jonathan AU - Kreplak J AD - AGROECOLOGIE, INRA, Dijon, France. FAU - Mayjonade, Baptiste AU - Mayjonade B AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Satge, Carine AU - Satge C AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. AD - CNRGV, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Perez, Magali AU - Perez M AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot and Sorbonne Paris Cite, Gif sur Yvette, France. AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot, Paris Sud, Evry and Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Cauet, Stephane AU - Cauet S AD - CNRGV, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Marande, William AU - Marande W AD - CNRGV, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Chantry-Darmon, Celine AU - Chantry-Darmon C AD - CNRGV, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Lopez-Roques, Celine AU - Lopez-Roques C AD - INRA, US1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Bouchez, Olivier AU - Bouchez O AD - INRA, US1426, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Berard, Aurelie AU - Berard A AD - INRA, US 1279 EPGV, Universite Paris-Saclay, Evry, France. FAU - Debelle, Frederic AU - Debelle F AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Munos, Stephane AU - Munos S AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Bendahmane, Abdelhafid AU - Bendahmane A AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot and Sorbonne Paris Cite, Gif sur Yvette, France. AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot, Paris Sud, Evry and Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Berges, Helene AU - Berges H AD - CNRGV, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Niebel, Andreas AU - Niebel A AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. FAU - Buitink, Julia AU - Buitink J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1457-764X AD - IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Universite d'Angers, Beaucouze, France. FAU - Frugier, Florian AU - Frugier F AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot and Sorbonne Paris Cite, Gif sur Yvette, France. AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot, Paris Sud, Evry and Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Benhamed, Moussa AU - Benhamed M AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot and Sorbonne Paris Cite, Gif sur Yvette, France. AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot, Paris Sud, Evry and Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Crespi, Martin AU - Crespi M AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot and Sorbonne Paris Cite, Gif sur Yvette, France. AD - IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Universities of Paris Diderot, Paris Sud, Evry and Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France. FAU - Gouzy, Jerome AU - Gouzy J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5695-4557 AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. Jerome.Gouzy@inra.fr. FAU - Gamas, Pascal AU - Gamas P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6253-4249 AD - LIPM, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France. Pascal.Gamas@inra.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20181105 PL - England TA - Nat Plants JT - Nature plants JID - 101651677 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (RNA, Plant) RN - 0 (RNA, Untranslated) SB - IM MH - DNA Methylation MH - *Epigenesis, Genetic MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Genome, Plant/*genetics MH - Genomics MH - Medicago truncatula/*genetics MH - Multigene Family MH - Plant Proteins/genetics MH - RNA, Plant/genetics MH - RNA, Untranslated/*genetics MH - Root Nodules, Plant/genetics MH - Symbiosis/*genetics EDAT- 2018/11/07 06:00 MHDA- 2019/07/02 06:00 CRDT- 2018/11/07 06:00 PHST- 2018/03/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/09/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/11/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/07/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/11/07 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41477-018-0286-7 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41477-018-0286-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Plants. 2018 Dec;4(12):1017-1025. doi: 10.1038/s41477-018-0286-7. Epub 2018 Nov 5. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1093/plphys/kiaa005 33631796 PMC8133602 Cheng, Li, et al., 2021 "Cheng X, Li G, Krom N, Tang Y, Wen J. Genetic regulation of flowering time and inflorescence architecture by MtFDa and MtFTa1 in Medicago truncatula. Plant Physiol. 2021 Feb 25;185(1):161-178. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa005. PMID: 33631796; PMCID: PMC8133602." ## PMID- 33631796 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210705 LR - 20211120 IS - 1532-2548 (Electronic) IS - 0032-0889 (Print) IS - 0032-0889 (Linking) VI - 185 IP - 1 DP - 2021 Feb 25 TI - Genetic regulation of flowering time and inflorescence architecture by MtFDa and MtFTa1 in Medicago truncatula. PG - 161-178 LID - 10.1093/plphys/kiaa005 [doi] AB - Regulation of floral transition and inflorescence development is crucial for plant reproductive success. FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is one of the central players in the flowering genetic regulatory network, whereas FLOWERING LOCUS D (FD), an interactor of FT and TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), plays significant roles in both floral transition and inflorescence development. Here we show the genetic regulatory networks of floral transition and inflorescence development in Medicago truncatula by characterizing MtFTa1 and MtFDa and their genetic interactions with key inflorescence meristem (IM) regulators. Both MtFTa1 and MtFDa promote flowering; the double mutant mtfda mtfta1 does not proceed to floral transition. RNAseq analysis reveals that a broad range of genes involved in flowering regulation and flower development are up- or downregulated by MtFTa1 and/or MtFDa mutations. Furthermore, mutation of MtFDa also affects the inflorescence architecture. Genetic analyses of MtFDa, MtFTa1, MtTFL1, and MtFULc show that MtFDa is epistatic to MtFULc and MtTFL1 in controlling IM identity. Our results demonstrate that MtFTa1 and MtFDa are major flowering regulators in M. truncatula, and MtFDa is essential both in floral transition and secondary inflorescence development. The study will advance our understanding of the genetic regulation of flowering time and inflorescence development in legumes. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society of Plant Biologists. FAU - Cheng, Xiaofei AU - Cheng X AD - Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA. FAU - Li, Guifen AU - Li G AD - Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA. FAU - Krom, Nick AU - Krom N AD - Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA. FAU - Tang, Yuhong AU - Tang Y AD - Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA. FAU - Wen, Jiangqi AU - Wen J AD - Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Plant Physiol JT - Plant physiology JID - 0401224 SB - IM MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Gene Regulatory Networks MH - Genes, Plant MH - Genetic Variation MH - Genotype MH - Inflorescence/*anatomy & histology/*genetics/*growth & development MH - Magnoliopsida/*genetics/*growth & development MH - Medicago truncatula/*genetics/*growth & development MH - Mutation MH - Phenotype MH - Plants, Genetically Modified PMC - PMC8133602 EDAT- 2021/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/06 06:00 CRDT- 2021/02/25 20:19 PHST- 2020/08/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/10/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/25 20:19 [entrez] PHST- 2021/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/06 06:00 [medline] AID - 5985539 [pii] AID - kiaa005 [pii] AID - 10.1093/plphys/kiaa005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Physiol. 2021 Feb 25;185(1):161-178. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa005. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1105/tpc.111.089128 22080596 PMC3246329 Peng, Yu, et al., 2011 "Peng J, Yu J, Wang H, Guo Y, Li G, Bai G, Chen R. Regulation of compound leaf development in Medicago truncatula by fused compound leaf1, a class M KNOX gene. Plant Cell. 2011 Nov;23(11):3929-43. doi: 10.1105/tpc.111.089128. Epub 2011 Nov 11. PMID: 22080596; PMCID: PMC3246329." ## PMID- 22080596 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20120821 LR - 20220408 IS - 1532-298X (Electronic) IS - 1040-4651 (Print) IS - 1040-4651 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 11 DP - 2011 Nov TI - Regulation of compound leaf development in Medicago truncatula by fused compound leaf1, a class M KNOX gene. PG - 3929-43 LID - 10.1105/tpc.111.089128 [doi] AB - Medicago truncatula is a legume species belonging to the inverted repeat lacking clade (IRLC) with trifoliolate compound leaves. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying development of trifoliolate leaves in legumes remain largely unknown. Here, we report isolation and characterization of fused compound leaf1 (fcl1) mutants of M. truncatula. Phenotypic analysis suggests that FCL1 plays a positive role in boundary separation and proximal-distal axis development of compound leaves. Map-based cloning indicates that FCL1 encodes a class M KNOX protein that harbors the MEINOX domain but lacks the homeodomain. Yeast two-hybrid assays show that FCL1 interacts with a subset of Arabidopsis thaliana BEL1-like proteins with slightly different substrate specificities from the Arabidopsis homolog KNATM-B. Double mutant analyses with M. truncatula single leaflet1 (sgl1) and palmate-like pentafoliata1 (palm1) leaf mutants show that fcl1 is epistatic to palm1 and sgl1 is epistatic to fcl1 in terms of leaf complexity and that SGL1 and FCL1 act additively and are required for petiole development. Previous studies have shown that the canonical KNOX proteins are not involved in compound leaf development in IRLC legumes. The identification of FCL1 supports the role of a truncated KNOX protein in compound leaf development in M. truncatula. FAU - Peng, Jianling AU - Peng J AD - Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA. FAU - Yu, Jianbin AU - Yu J FAU - Wang, Hongliang AU - Wang H FAU - Guo, Yingqing AU - Guo Y FAU - Li, Guangming AU - Li G FAU - Bai, Guihua AU - Bai G FAU - Chen, Rujin AU - Chen R LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20111111 PL - England TA - Plant Cell JT - The Plant cell JID - 9208688 RN - 0 (Arabidopsis Proteins) RN - 0 (BEL1 protein, Arabidopsis) RN - 0 (Homeodomain Proteins) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) SB - IM MH - Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics MH - Cloning, Molecular MH - Epistasis, Genetic MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Genes, Plant MH - Homeodomain Proteins/genetics MH - Medicago truncatula/*genetics/*growth & development MH - Mutation MH - Plant Leaves/genetics/*growth & development MH - Plant Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism MH - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid MH - Transcription Factors/genetics MH - Two-Hybrid System Techniques PMC - PMC3246329 EDAT- 2011/11/15 06:00 MHDA- 2012/08/22 06:00 CRDT- 2011/11/15 06:00 PHST- 2011/11/15 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2011/11/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2012/08/22 06:00 [medline] AID - tpc.111.089128 [pii] AID - 089128 [pii] AID - 10.1105/tpc.111.089128 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Cell. 2011 Nov;23(11):3929-43. doi: 10.1105/tpc.111.089128. Epub 2011 Nov 11. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1104/pp.15.00164 25792252 null Weller, Foo, et al., 2015 "Weller JL, Foo EM, Hecht V, Ridge S, Vander Schoor JK, Reid JB. Ethylene Signaling Influences Light-Regulated Development in Pea. Plant Physiol. 2015 Sep;169(1):115-24. doi: 10.1104/pp.15.00164. Epub 2015 Mar 19. PMID: 25792252; PMCID: PMC4577373." ## PMID- 25792252 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160707 LR - 20220310 IS - 1532-2548 (Electronic) IS - 0032-0889 (Print) IS - 0032-0889 (Linking) VI - 169 IP - 1 DP - 2015 Sep TI - Ethylene Signaling Influences Light-Regulated Development in Pea. PG - 115-24 LID - 10.1104/pp.15.00164 [doi] AB - Plant responses to light involve a complex network of interactions among multiple plant hormones. In a screen for mutants showing altered photomorphogenesis under red light, we identified a mutant with dramatically enhanced leaf expansion and delayed petal senescence. We show that this mutant exhibits reduced sensitivity to ethylene and carries a nonsense mutation in the single pea (Pisum sativum) ortholog of the ethylene signaling gene ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2). Consistent with this observation, the ein2 mutation rescues the previously described effects of ethylene overproduction in mature phytochrome-deficient plants. In seedlings, ein2 confers a marked increase in leaf expansion under monochromatic red, far-red, or blue light, and interaction with phytochromeA, phytochromeB, and long1 mutants confirms that ein2 enhances both phytochrome- and cryptochrome-dependent responses in a LONG1-dependent manner. In contrast, minimal effects of ein2 on seedling development in darkness or high-irradiance white light show that ethylene is not limiting for development under these conditions. These results indicate that ethylene signaling constrains leaf expansion during deetiolation in pea and provide further evidence that down-regulation of ethylene production may be an important component mechanism in the broader control of photomorphogenic development by phytochrome and cryptochrome. CI - (c) 2015 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved. FAU - Weller, James L AU - Weller JL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2423-8286 AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia jim.weller@utas.edu.au. FAU - Foo, Eloise M AU - Foo EM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9751-8433 AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. FAU - Hecht, Valerie AU - Hecht V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3539-3356 AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. FAU - Ridge, Stephen AU - Ridge S AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. FAU - Vander Schoor, Jacqueline K AU - Vander Schoor JK AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. FAU - Reid, James B AU - Reid JB AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. LA - eng SI - GENBANK/KP202149 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150319 PL - United States TA - Plant Physiol JT - Plant physiology JID - 0401224 RN - 0 (Cryptochromes) RN - 0 (Ethylenes) RN - 0 (Plant Growth Regulators) RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 11121-56-5 (Phytochrome) RN - 91GW059KN7 (ethylene) SB - IM MH - Cryptochromes/metabolism MH - Darkness MH - Down-Regulation MH - Ethylenes/*metabolism MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Light MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Mutation MH - Peas/genetics/growth & development/*physiology/radiation effects MH - Phytochrome/*metabolism MH - Plant Growth Regulators/*metabolism MH - Plant Leaves/genetics/growth & development/physiology/radiation effects MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - Seedlings/genetics/growth & development/physiology/radiation effects MH - Signal Transduction PMC - PMC4577373 EDAT- 2015/03/21 06:00 MHDA- 2016/07/09 06:00 CRDT- 2015/03/21 06:00 PHST- 2015/02/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/03/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/03/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/07/09 06:00 [medline] AID - pp.15.00164 [pii] AID - PP201500164 [pii] AID - 10.1104/pp.15.00164 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Physiol. 2015 Sep;169(1):115-24. doi: 10.1104/pp.15.00164. Epub 2015 Mar 19. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1105/tpc.19.00609 32303662 PMC7268793 Ribeiro, Lacchini, et al., 2020 "Ribeiro B, Lacchini E, Bicalho KU, Mertens J, Arendt P, Vanden Bossche R, Calegario G, Gryffroy L, Ceulemans E, Buitink J, Goossens A, Pollier J. A Seed-Specific Regulator of Triterpene Saponin Biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula. Plant Cell. 2020 Jun;32(6):2020-2042. doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00609. Epub 2020 Apr 17. PMID: 32303662; PMCID: PMC7268793." ## PMID- 32303662 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210204 LR - 20210602 IS - 1532-298X (Electronic) IS - 1040-4651 (Print) IS - 1040-4651 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Jun TI - A Seed-Specific Regulator of Triterpene Saponin Biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula. PG - 2020-2042 LID - 10.1105/tpc.19.00609 [doi] AB - Plants produce a vast array of defense compounds to protect themselves from pathogen attack or herbivore predation. Saponins are a specific class of defense compounds comprising bioactive glycosides with a steroidal or triterpenoid aglycone backbone. The model legume Medicago truncatula synthesizes two types of saponins, hemolytic saponins and nonhemolytic soyasaponins, which accumulate as specific blends in different plant organs. Here, we report the identification of the seed-specific transcription factor TRITERPENE SAPONIN ACTIVATION REGULATOR3 (TSAR3), which controls hemolytic saponin biosynthesis in developing M. truncatula seeds. Analysis of genes that are coexpressed with TSAR3 in transcriptome data sets from developing M. truncatula seeds led to the identification of CYP88A13, a cytochrome P450 that catalyzes the C-16alpha hydroxylation of medicagenic acid toward zanhic acid, the final oxidation step of the hemolytic saponin biosynthesis branch in M. truncatula In addition, two uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases, UGT73F18 and UGT73F19, which glucosylate hemolytic sapogenins at the C-3 position, were identified. The genes encoding the identified biosynthetic enzymes are present in clusters of duplicated genes in the M. truncatula genome. This appears to be a common theme among saponin biosynthesis genes, especially glycosyltransferases, and may be the driving force of the metabolic evolution of saponins. CI - (c) 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. FAU - Ribeiro, Bianca AU - Ribeiro B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1843-0258 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Lacchini, Elia AU - Lacchini E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1598-8950 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Bicalho, Keylla U AU - Bicalho KU AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5165-9070 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo 14800-900, Brazil. FAU - Mertens, Jan AU - Mertens J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8095-0748 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Arendt, Philipp AU - Arendt P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7429-0803 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Vanden Bossche, Robin AU - Vanden Bossche R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6407-8139 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Calegario, Gabriela AU - Calegario G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3772-8447 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Gryffroy, Lore AU - Gryffroy L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9202-2992 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Ceulemans, Evi AU - Ceulemans E AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3083-5768 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Buitink, Julia AU - Buitink J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1457-764X AD - Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences-Unites Mixtes de Recherche, Universite d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouze, France. FAU - Goossens, Alain AU - Goossens A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1599-551X AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium alain.goossens@psb-vib.ugent.be jacob.pollier@psb-vib.ugent.be. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. FAU - Pollier, Jacob AU - Pollier J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1134-9238 AD - Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium alain.goossens@psb-vib.ugent.be jacob.pollier@psb-vib.ugent.be. AD - VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. AD - VIB Metabolomics Core, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200417 PL - England TA - Plant Cell JT - The Plant cell JID - 9208688 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (Triterpenes) SB - IM MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/*metabolism MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism MH - Seeds/*metabolism MH - Triterpenes/*metabolism PMC - PMC7268793 EDAT- 2020/04/19 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/05 06:00 CRDT- 2020/04/19 06:00 PHST- 2019/08/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/03/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/04/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/04/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/19 06:00 [entrez] AID - tpc.19.00609 [pii] AID - 201900609R2 [pii] AID - 10.1105/tpc.19.00609 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Plant Cell. 2020 Jun;32(6):2020-2042. doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00609. Epub 2020 Apr 17. ##### PUB RECORD ##### ## 10.1111/nph.13162 25406544 null Carelli, Biazzi, et al., 2014 "Carelli M, Biazzi E, Tava A, Losini I, Abbruscato P, Depedro C, Scotti C. Sapogenin content variation in Medicago inter-specific hybrid derivatives highlights some aspects of saponin synthesis and control. New Phytol. 2015 Apr;206(1):303-314. doi: 10.1111/nph.13162. Epub 2014 Nov 18. PMID: 25406544." ## PMID- 25406544 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160211 LR - 20201109 IS - 1469-8137 (Electronic) IS - 0028-646X (Linking) VI - 206 IP - 1 DP - 2015 Apr TI - Sapogenin content variation in Medicago inter-specific hybrid derivatives highlights some aspects of saponin synthesis and control. PG - 303-314 LID - 10.1111/nph.13162 [doi] AB - In the Medicago genus, saponins are a complex mixture of triterpene glycosides showing a broad spectrum of biological properties. Here we analyzed the variation in the sapogenin content and composition of inter-specific hybrid Medicago sativa x Medicago arborea derivatives to highlight the pattern of this variation in plant organs (leaves/roots) and the possible mechanisms underlying it. In Sativa Arborea Cross (SAC) leaves and roots, saponins and sapogenins were evaluated using chromatographic methods. Phenotypic correlations between sapogenin content and bio-agronomic traits were examined. Expression studies on beta-amyrin synthase and four cytochromes P450 (CYPs) involved in sapogenin biosynthesis and sequence analysis of the key gene of the hemolytic sapogenin pathway (CYP716A12) were performed. Chromatographic analyses revealed a different pattern of among-family variation for hemolytic and nonhemolytic sapogenins and saponins and for the two organs/tissues. Different correlation patterns of gene expression in roots and leaves were found. Diachronic analysis revealed a relationship between sapogenin content and gene transcriptional levels in the early stages of the productive cycle. The results suggest that there are different control mechanisms acting on sapogenin biosynthesis for leaves and roots, which are discussed. A key role for medicagenic acid in the control of sapogenin content in both the tissues is proposed and discussed. CI - (c) 2014 The Authors. New Phytologist (c) 2014 New Phytologist Trust. FAU - Carelli, Maria AU - Carelli M AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Produzioni Foraggere e Lattiero-Casearie, viale Piacenza 29, 26900, Lodi, Italy. FAU - Biazzi, Elisa AU - Biazzi E AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Produzioni Foraggere e Lattiero-Casearie, viale Piacenza 29, 26900, Lodi, Italy. FAU - Tava, Aldo AU - Tava A AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Produzioni Foraggere e Lattiero-Casearie, viale Piacenza 29, 26900, Lodi, Italy. FAU - Losini, Ilaria AU - Losini I AD - Parco Tecnologico Padano, via Einsten- Loc. Cascina Codazza, 26900, Lodi, Italy. FAU - Abbruscato, Pamela AU - Abbruscato P AD - Parco Tecnologico Padano, via Einsten- Loc. Cascina Codazza, 26900, Lodi, Italy. FAU - Depedro, Claudia AU - Depedro C AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Produzioni Foraggere e Lattiero-Casearie, viale Piacenza 29, 26900, Lodi, Italy. FAU - Scotti, Carla AU - Scotti C AD - Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per le Produzioni Foraggere e Lattiero-Casearie, viale Piacenza 29, 26900, Lodi, Italy. LA - eng SI - GENBANK/KM978958 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20141118 PL - England TA - New Phytol JT - The New phytologist JID - 9882884 RN - 0 (Plant Proteins) RN - 0 (Sapogenins) RN - 0 (Saponins) RN - 0 (Triterpenes) RN - 7X05537I17 (medicagenic acid) RN - 9035-51-2 (Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System) RN - EC 5.4.- (Intramolecular Transferases) RN - EC 5.4.99.- (2,3-oxidosqualene-beta-amyrin-cyclase) SB - IM MH - Base Sequence MH - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*genetics/metabolism MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MH - Intramolecular Transferases/*genetics/metabolism MH - Medicago/genetics/*metabolism MH - Medicago sativa/genetics/metabolism MH - Medicago truncatula/genetics/metabolism MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Organ Specificity MH - Plant Leaves/genetics/metabolism MH - Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Plant Roots/genetics/metabolism MH - Sapogenins/*metabolism MH - Saponins/*metabolism MH - Sequence Analysis, DNA MH - Triterpenes/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - Medicago arborea OT - Medicago sativa (alfalfa) OT - cytochrome P450 expression OT - inter-specific cross OT - sapogenin synthesis OT - triterpene saponin EDAT- 2014/11/20 06:00 MHDA- 2016/02/13 06:00 CRDT- 2014/11/20 06:00 PHST- 2014/08/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/10/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/11/20 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/11/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/02/13 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1111/nph.13162 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - New Phytol. 2015 Apr;206(1):303-314. doi: 10.1111/nph.13162. Epub 2014 Nov 18.